本研究是應用偏振散射光量測技術來量測木材表面的光學現象，其中使用二維和三維系統架構來量測三種木頭樣本(南方松、杉木、白楊木)，使用紅光雷射、綠光雷射和藍光雷射作為主要量測光源，經過波板、偏振鏡、空間濾波器、擴束器來校正光源，透過四個步進馬達來控制待測物二維及三維上的運動，接著改變入射角、反射角、旋轉角與三種雷射光的情況下，觀察木紋所反射之散射光影像並加以分析，進而從結果得知木材表面光學性質，最後可以分辨木材種類。

The optical phenomena of wood surface are studied by using polarized light measurement technology. The three kinds of wood samples (pine, spruce, aspen) are used to measure in two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurement systems. The light sources of measurement system are red, green, and blue lasers. In order to adjust the light sources, the light beam goes through a wave plane, a polarizer, a space filter, and a beam expander. The four stepper motors are used to control the position of samples in three-dimensional directions. In this study, we observe and analyze the images of scattered light from wood surface by changing incident angles, reflecting angles, and rotating angles. The optical properties of wood surface can be used to distinguish the varieties of wood.

謝誌 I
中文摘要 II
英文摘要 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 XII
第1章 緒論	1
1.1 前言	1
1.2 文獻回顧	2
1.3 研究動機與目的	5
1.4 研究方法	6
第2章 光學理論	7
2.1 前言	7
2.2 偏振	8
2.2.1 偏振現象	8
2.2.2 偏振理論	9
2.2.3 偏振種類	10
2.2.4 偏振影像	11
2.3 散射	12
2.3.1 散射現象	12
2.3.2 散射理論	14
2.4 雙向反射分布函數	15
第3章 光學系統機構	16
3.1 光學系統架構	16
第4章 光學系統量測	21
4.1 實驗流程	21
4.2 光學系統參數設定	23
4.2.1 光源組件設定	23
4.2.2 收光組件設定	24
4.3 軟體系統介面	25
4.3.1 五相步進電動機控制	25
4.3.2 CCD影像擷取控制	27
4.3.3 偏振影像分析	28
4.4 實驗驗證	29
4.5 二維木材實際量測與分析	36
4.6 三維木材實際量測與分析	67
第5章 結論	134
5.1 結論	134
參考文獻       135

圖目錄

圖 2 1 線偏振器	8
圖 2 2偏振狀態之(a)線偏振 (b)圓偏振 (c)橢圓偏振示意圖	10
圖 2 3色素痣皮膚成像(a)圖以正常光源照射，(b)圖為偏振係數成像[10]	11
圖 2 4散射示意圖	13
圖 3 1光學系統圖	17
圖 3 2光學組件圖	19
圖 3 3控制本體圖	19
圖 3 4收光組件圖	20
圖 3 5光學系統架構完整圖	20
圖 4 1系統參數調整流程示意圖	21
圖 4 2光源組件配置圖	23
圖 4 3收光組件配置圖	24
圖 4 4二維五相步進式電動機介面	25
圖 4 5三維五相步進式電動機介面	26
圖 4 6  DALSA CamEepert軟體介面	27
圖 4 7 程式語言分析介面	28
圖 4 8 晶圓PP偏振影像	30
圖 4 9晶圓PS偏振影像	31
圖 4 10 晶圓P45偏振影像	32
圖 4 11晶圓POL	33
圖 4 12晶圓正規化以及η趨勢圖	34
圖 4 13 晶圓PL趨勢圖	35
圖 4 14 待測物實體(南方松、杉木、白楊木)	36
圖 4 15  南方松(紅光)PP偏振影像	37
圖 4 16 南方松(紅光)PS偏振影像	37
圖 4 17 南方松(紅光) POL	38
圖 4 18 南方松(紅光)正規化和POL數值圖	39
圖 4 19 杉木(紅光)PP偏振影像	40
圖 4 20杉木(紅光)PS偏振影像	40
圖 4 21 杉木(紅光) POL	41
圖 4 22 杉木(紅光)正規化和POL數值圖	42
圖 4 23白楊木(紅光)PP偏振影像	43
圖 4 24白楊木(紅光)PS偏振影像	43
圖 4 25 白楊木(紅光)POL	44
圖 4 26白楊木(紅光)正規化和POL數值圖	45
圖 4 27 南方松(綠光)PP偏振影像	46
圖 4 28南方松(綠光)PS偏振影像	46
圖 4 29南方松(綠光)POL	47
圖 4 30南方松(綠光)正規化和POL數值圖	48
圖 4 31 杉木(綠光)PP偏振影像	49
圖 4 32 杉木(綠光)PS偏振影像	49
圖 4 33杉木(綠光)POL	50
圖 4 34杉木(綠光)正規化和POL數值圖	51
圖 4 35白楊木(綠光)PP偏振影像	52
圖 4 36白楊木(綠光)PP偏振影像	52
圖 4 37 白楊木(綠光)POL	53
圖 4 38 (綠光)正規化和POL數值圖	54
圖 4 39 南方松(藍光)PP偏振影像	55
圖 4 40南方松(藍光)PS偏振影像	55
圖 4 41 南方松(藍光)POL	56
圖 4 42 南方松正規化和POL數值圖	57
圖 4 43 杉木(藍光)PP偏振影像	58
圖 4 44 杉木(藍光)PP偏振影像	58
圖 4 45 杉木(藍光)POL	59
圖 4 46 杉木正規化和POL數值圖	60
圖 4 47 白楊木(藍光)PP偏振影像	61
圖 4 48白楊木(藍光)PS偏振影像	61
圖 4 49 白楊木(藍光)POL	62
圖 4 50 白楊木正規化和POL數值圖	63
圖 4 51 紅光雷射下三種木頭之正規化與POL數值圖比較	64
圖 4 52綠光雷射下三種木頭之正規化與POL數值圖比較	65
圖 4 53藍光雷射下三種木頭之正規化與POL數值圖比較	66
圖 4 54 θi=θr=15°南方松(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	69
圖 4 55 θi=θr=15°南方松(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	70
圖 4 56 θi=θr=15°杉木(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	72
圖4 57 θi=θr=15°杉木(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	73
圖 4 58 θi=θr=15°白楊木(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	75
圖 4 59 θi=θr=15°白楊木(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	76
圖 4 60 θi=θr=45°南方松(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	78
圖4 61 θi=θr=45°南方松(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	79
圖4 62 θi=θr=45°杉木(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	81
圖4 63 θi=θr=45°杉木(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	82
圖4 64 θi=θr=45°白楊木(紅光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	84
圖4 65 θi=θr=45°白楊木(紅光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	85
圖 4 66 θi=θr=15°南方松(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	87
圖4 67 θi=θr=15°南方松(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	88
圖4 68 θi=θr=15°杉木(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	90
圖4 69 依序為θi=θr=15°杉木(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	91
圖4 70 θi=θr=15°白楊木(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	93
圖4 71 θi=θr=15°白楊木(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	94
圖4 72 θi=θr=45°南方松(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	96
圖4 73 θi=θr=45°南方松(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	97
圖4 74 θi=θr=45°南方松(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	99
圖4 75 θi=θr=45°杉木(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	100
圖4 76 θi=θr=45°白楊木(綠光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	102
圖4 77 θi=θr=45°白楊木(綠光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	103
圖4 78 θi=θr=15°南方松(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	105
圖4 79 θi=θr=15°南方松(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	106
圖4 80 θi=θr=15°杉木(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	108
圖4 81 θi=θr=15°杉木(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	109
圖4 82 θi=θr=15°白楊木(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	111
圖4 83 θi=θr=15°白楊木(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	112
圖4 84 θi=θr=45°南方松(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	114
圖4 85 θi=θr=45°南方松(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	115
圖4 86 θi=θr=45°杉木(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	117
圖4 87 θi=θr=45°杉木(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	118
圖4 88 θi=θr=45°白楊木(藍光)(a)PP偏振(b)PS偏振(c)P45偏振(d)POL	120
圖4 89 θi=θr=45°白楊木(藍光)三維成像正規化、η、PL數值圖	121
圖4 90正規化的三種木頭在紅光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	123
圖4 91 η三種木頭在紅光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	124
圖4 92 PL的三種木頭在紅光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	125
圖4 93正規化的三種木頭在綠光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	127
圖4 94 η三種木頭在綠光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	128
圖4 95 PL的三種木頭在綠光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	129
圖4 96正規化的三種木頭在藍光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	131
圖4 97η三種木頭在藍光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	132
圖4 98POL的三種木頭在藍光量測下θi=θr=15°以及θi=θr=45°比較	133

 
表目錄

表 1 1 研究步驟	6
表 3 1光學系統組件表	17

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