自2000年後，全球精品產業崛起，經過金融海嘯衝擊，精品業的表現仍一枝獨秀，獲利率也比其他產業高出許多。近幾年來，國內有許多高級百貨公司陸續開幕，也引進不少國際精品品牌在台灣設立專櫃及門市。台灣精品市場的消費力旺盛已是不爭的事實。對精品業者而言，如何營造能使消費者滿意的商店氣氛，並提供消費者的良好的消費環境，是精品企業建立市場區隔，增加品牌競爭力的主要關鍵。因此本研究針對商店環境中氣氛因子的視覺及聽覺構面，以燈光照明、背景音樂、服務人員服裝儀容為變數，並探討精品業者應如何設計商店氣氛，來吸引更多消費者光顧，提高顧客在店內的瀏覽時間及消費金額。
  本研究是以國內高級百貨公司或商圈，針對光顧完精品門市、店面的女性消費者進行問卷調查，採用之抽樣方法是「便利抽樣」。採用敘述性統計分析、平均數差異分析及卡方檢定分析，並透過SPSS12.0中文版軟體操作驗證。

本研究結論： 
1. 商店氣氛能使顧客在沒有意識到的狀況下產生正面情緒，而正面情緒能促使消費者較容易對周圍的事物、商品產生興趣。
2. 精品店內服務人員的服裝儀容對顧客的情緒及商店氣氛的觀感會造成影響。
3. 顧客會受到外在因素的影響，將情緒及感受反映在消費行為上。
4. 愉悅、興奮的情緒能提高顧客的購買意圖、增加瀏覽的時間或消費金額。

Since year 2000, there has been a rise in the industry of luxury goods. Even with the financial tsunami from the global financial crisis, the industry remained profitable and has outperformed the other industries. Over the last few years, the domestic market has seen a great increase in the numbers of luxury department store. It has attracted numerous global luxury brands to set up branches and retail stores in the domestic market. It is without a doubt that the domestic buying power in the luxury-goods industry is strong. For the luxury goods retailer, how to create a customer satisfied store atmosphere and at the same time providing a fine purchasing environment is the key to differentiate itself from its peers and to increase its brand competitiveness. Therefore, the research of this thesis targets on the store atmospheric factors of visionary and audio using lighting, background music and apparel of the store attendant as the variable and investigate how luxury retailers should create the store environment to attract more customers with the increase of spending in both time and buying product in the store.

  The research is based on domestic luxury department store or business district, investigating with the use of survey paper focusing on female consumers that has shopped at luxury retail store. Sampling method was based on convenience sampling, adopting descriptive statistics analysis, group mean analysis and chi-square analysis. The results were verified with the software package SPSS12.0 Chinese edition.

Research conclusion:
1.Store environment allows the customer under the condition unconsciously create positive emotions. Where positive emotion prompts the consumer interested with surrounding objects and products.
2.The apparel of the store attendee can affect customer emotion and their impression on the store environment.
3.External factors can affect the customer’s emotion and feeling and is reflected on consuming behavior.
4.Enjoyable and exiting emotions can increase the customer’s consuming willingness and increase browsing time and spending amount.

目錄	I
表目錄	II
圖目錄	III

第一章 緒論	1
第一節 研究背景與動機	1
第二節 研究目的	3
第三節 研究範圍與對象	4
第四節 研究流程	5
第二章 文獻探討	6
第一節 精品定義與產業範疇	6
第二節 商店氣氛	22
第三節 消費者行為	36
第三章 研究方法	43
第一節 觀念性架構	43
第二節 研究變數之操作性定義與衡量	45
第三節 問卷設計	47
第四節 抽樣對象及抽樣結果	52
第五節 分析方法	54
第四章 資料分析	55
第一節 敘述性統計分析	55
第二節 平均數差異分析	60
第三節 交叉分析	70
第五章 結論	75
第一節 研究結論	75
第二節 研究發現	77
第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議	79
參考文獻	80
一、	英文部分	80
二、	中文部分	90
三、	網站部分	93
附錄	94

表目錄
表2-1  精品產業市場	9
表2-2  精品市場主要品牌及集團	11
表2-3  LVMH時尚精品集團旗下之公司及品牌	15
表2-4  GUCCI 時尚精品集團旗下之公司及品牌	16
表2-5  Richemont 時尚精品集團旗下之公司及品牌	16
表2-6  精品產業各品牌主要延伸發展之副牌	17
表2-7  2010 年全球百大精品業品牌調查	18
表2-8  商店氣氛定義總彙	23
表2-9  商店氣氛中氣氛因子構面	32
表2-10 商店氣氛中設計因子構面	33
表2-11 消費者行為定義	36
表 3-1  氣氛因子燈光照明之衡量量表	47
表 3-2  氣氛因子背景音樂之衡量量表	48
表 3-3  氣氛因子之服務人員服裝儀容之衡量量表	48
表 3-4  商店氣氛滿意度之衡量量表	49
表 3-5  商店氣氛知覺價值之衡量量表	49
表 3-6  商店氣氛感受之衡量量表	50
表 3-7  消費行為之衡量量表	51
表 3-8  問卷發放與回收情況	53
表 4-1  樣本基本資料分析	56
表 4-2  消費行為分析	58
表 4-3  消費者對精品店燈光照明觀感之平均數比較	60
表 4-4  消費者對精品店背景音樂觀感之平均數比較	61
表 4-5  消費者對精品店服務人員的服裝儀容觀感之平均數比較	63
表 4-6  消費者對精品店商店氣氛滿意度之平均數比較	64
表 4-7  消費者對精品店氣氛因素之態度之平均數比較	65
表 4-8  消費者對精品店商店氣氛感受之平均數比較	66
表 4-9  消費者對精品店商店氣氛反應	68
表 4-10 停留時間在年齡之分佈表	70
表 4-11 消費金額在年齡之分佈表	71
表 4-12 停留時間在每月個人所得之分佈表	72
表 4-13 消費金額在每月個人所得之分佈表	73
表 4-14 消費金額在停留時間之分佈表	74

圖目錄
圖 1-1 研究流程圖	5
圖 2-1 全球及亞洲精品市場的銷售比重	19
圖 2-2 精品產業五力分析	20
圖 2-3 服務組織中環境與人之間互動關係之架構	26
圖 2-4 零售氣氛的影響	28
圖 2-5 零售商店在環境知覺基礎下，購買前流程評估之觀念模式	30
圖 2-6 Nicosia 消費者行為決策流程圖	38
圖 2-7 Kotler 消費者行為模式	39
圖 2-8 EKB 消費者行為模式	40
圖 2-9 EKB 模式之流程圖	41
圖 3-1 本研究觀念性架構	43
圖 4-1 消費者停留時間之比例分佈	59
圖 4-2 消費者消費金額之比例分佈	59
圖 4-3 消費者對精品店燈光照明觀感之平均數	60
圖 4-4 消費者對精品店背景音樂觀感之平均數	62
圖 4-5 消費者對精品店服務人員的服裝儀容觀感之平均數	63
圖 4-6 消費者對精品店商店氣氛滿意度之平均數	64
圖 4-7 消費者對精品店氣氛因素之態度之平均數	65
圖 4-8 消費者對精品店商店氣氛感受之平均數	67
圖 4-9 消費者對精品店商店氣氛反應之比例分佈	68

一、	英文部分

Alpert, J. I. & Alpert M. I. (1988). Background Music as an Influence in Consumer Mood and Advertising Responses in Advances in Consumer Research. Association of Consumer Research Vol. 16, P.P. 485-491.
Alperta, M. I., Alpertb, J. I., & Maltzc, E. N. (2005). Purchase occasion influence on the role of music in advertising. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, P.P. 369–376.
Areni, S. C. and Kim, D. (1994). The influence of background music on shopping behavior: Classical versus top-forty music in a wine store. Advances in Customer Research, P.P. 336-340.
Arghavan, N. and Zaichkowsky, J.L. (2000). Do Counterfeits Devalue the Ownership of Luxury Brands? Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol. 9 (7), P.P. 485-497.
Babin, B.J., and Darden, W.R. (1995). Consumer self-regulation in a retail environment. Journal of Retailing, Vol.71, P.P. 47-70, P.P. 114.
Babin, B.J., and Darden, W.R. (1996). Good and bad shopping vibes: spending and patronage satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, Vol.35, P.P. 201-206.
Babin, Barry J., and Darden, William R. (1994). Mapping the Affective Quality of Retail Stores: Some Practical Insights, in The Cutting Edge Ill, W. R. Darden and R. F. kusch., eds., Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, P.P. 215-226.
Babin, Barry J., Darden, William R., and Griffin, Mitch. (1992). Some Comments on the Role of Emotions in Consumer Behavior. Enhancing Knowledge Developments in Marketing, Robert P Leone and V. Kumar, eds., American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, P.P. 130-138.
Babin, Barry J., Darden, William R., and Griffin, Mitch. (1994). Work and/or Fun: Measuring Hedonic and Utilitarian Shopping Value. Journal of Consumer Research Vol. 20, P.P. 644-656.
Babin, Barry J., Darden, William R., and Babin, Laurie A. (1996). Positive and Negative Consumer Emotions: Affect or Artifact. Journal of Business Research
Baker, J. (1986). The role of environment in marketing services: The consumer perspective. The Services Challenge: Integrating for Competitive Advantage, P.P. 79–84
Baker, J., & Cameron, M. (1996). The effects of the service environment on affect and consumer perception of waiting time: An integrative review and research propositions. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 24, P.P. 338–349.
Baker, Julie, Dhruv Grewal, and Michael Levy. (1992). An Experimental Approach to Making Retail Store Environmental Decisions. Journal of Retailing. Vol. 68 (4): P.P. 445-460.
Baker, Julie. Dhruv Grewal, and A. Parasuraman. (1994). The Influence of Store Environment on Quality Inferences and Store Image. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 22 (4), P.P. 328-339.
Bateson, J. E., and Hui, M. K.(1992). The Ecological Validity of Photographic Slides and Videotapes in Simulating the Service Setting. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.19 (2), P.P. 271-281.
Bearden, W., and Jesse, E. T. (1983). Selected Determinants of Consumer Satisfaction and Complaint Report. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 20, P.P. 21-28.
Belk, R. W. (1974). An Exploratory Assessment of situational Effects in Buyer Behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.11, P.P. 156-163.
Belk, R. W. (1975). Situational Variables and Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 2（December）, P.P. 157-164; P.P. 235-236.
Bellizzi, J.A. and Hite, R.E. (1992) Environmental Color, Consumer Feelings, and Purchase Likelihood. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 9(5), P.P. 347–363.
Bellizzi, J.A., Ayn E. C., and Ronald W.H. (1983). The Effects of color in Store Design. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 59(1), P.P. 21-43.
Berman, B. and Evans, J. R. (1978). Retail Management: A strategic Approach. Macmillan and Publishing, P.P. 125.
Berman, B. and J.R. Evans. (1984). Retail management: a strategic approach (6th ed). NJ: Prentice-Hall International London.
Berry, C.J. (1994). The Idea of Luxury: A Conceptual and Historical Investigation, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Bitner, Mary Jo. (1986). Consumer Responses to the Physical Environment in Service Settings. Creativity in Serx'ices Marketing. M. Venkatesan, Diane M. Schmalensee, and Claudia Marshall, eds. Chicago: American Marketing Association, P.P. 89-93.
Bitner, Mary Jo. (1990) Evaluating Service Encounters: The Effects of Physical Surroundings and Employee Responses. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54 (2), P.P. 69-82.
Bitner, Mary Jo. (1992) Servicescapes: The Impact of Physical Surroundings on Customers and Employees. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 56 (2), P.P. 57-71.
Bohdanowicz, Janet & Clamp, Liz. (1997). 時尚行銷. 洪瑞璘譯,五南圖書出版公司,台北.
Bone, P. F., & Ellen P. S. (1999). Scents in the marketplace: explaining a fraction of olfaction. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 75, P.P. 243-262.
Burner, Gordon C. (1990), Music, Mood and Marketing. Journal of Marketing , Vol. 54 (October), P.P. 94-104.
Canter, D. (1983). The purposive evaluation of places. Environment and behavior, Vol. 15 (3), P.P. 659-698.
Chebat, C. Chebat, G. ＆ Filiatrault, P. (1993). Interactive effects of musical and visual cues time perception: An application to waiting lines banks. Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol. 77(3), P.P. 995-1020.
Chebat J.C. and R. Michon (2003). Impact of ambient odors on mall shoppers’ emotions, cognition, and spending: A test of competitive causal theories. Journal of Business Research, P.P. 529-539.
Crawford, G. and Melewar, T.C. (2003). The Importance of Impulse Purchasing Behavior in the International Airport Environment. Journal of Consumer Behavior, Vol. 3(1), P.P. 85-98.
Crowley, A. E. (1993). The Two Dimensional Impact of Color on Shopping. Marketing Letters, Vol. 4(1), P.P. 59-69.
Darden, William R., and Babin, BarryJ. (1994). Exploring the Concept of Affective Quality: Expanding the Concept of Retail Personality. Journal of Business Research Vol. 29, P.P. 101-110.
Darden. William R., Orhan Erdem, and Donna K. Darden. (1983). A Comparison and Test of Three Causal Models of Patronage Intentions in Patronage Behavior and Retail Management. William R. Darden and Robert F. Lusch, eds. New York: North-Holland.
Donovan, R. J. and Rossiter, J. R. (1982). Store Atmosphere: An Environmental Psychology Approach. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 58, P.P. 34-57.
Donovan, R.J., J.R. Rossiter, G. Marcoolyn and A. Nesdale (1994). Store atmosphere and purchasing behavior. Journal of Retailing Vol. 70, P.P. 283–294.
Dubois, B. & Duquesne, P. (1993). The Market of Luxury Goods: Income Versus Culture. European Journal of Marketing, P.P. 35-45. 
Engel, J. E., Blackwell, R. D., & Miniard, P. W. (1993). Consumer Behavior (7nd ed.). NY: Dryden Press.

Engel, J. F. Blackwell, R. D. and Miniard, P. W. (1995). Consumer Behavior (8th ed). Dryden Press, P.P. 793-817.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., and Miniard , P. W. (1990). Consumer Behavior. (6th ed).
Engel, J. F., Kollat D. T., and Blackwell R. D. (1986). Consumer Behavior. (5th ed). NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 
Eroglu, Sevgin A., and Machleit, Karen. (1990) An Empirical Study of Retail Crowding: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Retailing Vol. 66, P.P. 201–221.
Eurostaf. (2002). Les Groupes Mondiaux Du Luxe-Table Des Matieres. France Paris, P.P. 1.
Fisk, George. (1961). A Conceptual Model for Studying Customer Image. Journal of Retailing, Vol.37, P.P. 1-8.
Foxall, G. R. and Goldsmith, R. E. (1994). Consumer Psychology For Marketing, NY: Routleedge.
Franck Vigneron, Lester W.Johnson. (2004). Measuring Perceptions of Brand Luxury. Journal of Brand Management, Jul 2004, P.P. 11
Fried, R., & Berkowitz, L. (1979). Music hath charms and can influence helpfulness.  Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 9, P.P. 199-208.
Gardner, M. P.(1985). Mood States and Consumer Behavior: A Critical Review. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.12, P.P. 281-300.
Greenland, Steven J. &Peter J. McGoldrick (1994). Atmospherics, Attitudes and Behavior: Modeling the Impact of Designed Space. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 4 (January), P.P. 1-16.
Grossbart, S., Hampton, R., Rammohan, B. and Lapidus, R.S. (1990). Environmental Dispositions and Customer Response to Store Atmospherics, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 21(3), P.P. 225–241.
Grossman, G.M. and Shapiro, C. (1988). Counterfeit product Trade. The American Economic Review, Vol.78 (March), P.P. 59-75.
Gulas, C. S., and P. H. Bloch. (1995). Right under our noses: Ambient scent and consumer responses. Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 10, P.P. 87-98.
Hansen, Robert A. and Deutscher, Terry. (1978). An Empirical Investigation of Attribute Importance in Retail Store Selection, Journal of Retailing, Vol.53, P.P. 59-72.
Harrell, Gilbert D., Hutt, Michael, and Anderson, J. C. (1980). Path Analysis of Buyer Behavior Under Conditions of Crowding. Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 17, P.P. 45–51.
Heath, C. (1995). Escalation and De-escalation of Commitment in Response to Sunk Costs: The Role of Budgeting in Mental Accounting. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 62 (April), P.P. 38-54.
Herrington, J. D., and Capella, L. M.(1994). Practical Applications of Music in Service Settings. Journal of Services Marketing, Vol .8(3), P.P. 50-65.
Hirschman, E.C. (1981). Retail Research and Theory. Chicago: AMA, P.P. 120-133.
Hirschman, E.C. and M.B. Holbrook (1982). Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 46, P.P. 92-101.
Holbrook, M. B. & Gardner, M. P. (2000). Illustrating a dynamic model of the mood-updating process in consumer behavior. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 17(3), P.P. 164-194.
Holt, D.B. (1995). How Consumers Consume: A Typology of Consumption Practices.  Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.22 (June), P.P. 1-16.
Hui, L. D. and Chebat, J.C. (1997). The impact of music on consumers’ reactions to waiting for service. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 73(1), P.P. 87-104.

Hui, Michael K. and John E. G. Bateson. (1991). Perceived Control and the Effects of Crowding and Consumer Choice on the Service Experience. Joumal of Consumer Research, Vol. 18 (September). P.P. 174-84.
Hunt, James B. (1988). An experimental study of the effect of music on radio commercial performance. Proceedings of the Southern Marketing Association, P.P. 37-40.
John H. Kunkel and Leonard L. Berry. (1968). A Behavioral Conception of Retail Images. Jorunal of Marketing, Vol.32( October), P.P. 26.
Kapferer. (1997). Managing Luxury Brands. Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 4(4), P.P. 251-260.
Kellaris, J. J., and Rice, R. C. (1993). The Influence of Tempo, Loudness, and Gender of Listener on Responses to Music.Psychology and Marketing, Vol.10(1), P.P. 15-29.
Kotler, Phillip (1973-1974). Atmospherics as a Marketing Tool. Journal of Retailing. Vol.49 (Winter), P.P. 48-61.
Kotler, Phillip (1984). Marketing Management: analysis, Planning, and control, (5th ed). Englweood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, P.P. 124.
Kotler, Phillip (1997). Marketing management: analysis, planning, implementation, and control. (9th ed). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Kunkel, J.H. and L.L. Berry (1968). A Behavior Conception of Retail Image. Journal of Market, Vol.32, P.P. 21-27.
Lindquest, J.D. (1974). Meaning of Image. Journal of Retailing, Vol.50, P.P. 29-38.
Mano, H. (1999). The Influence of Pre-Existing Negative Affect on Store Purchase Intentions. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 75(2), P.P. 149-172.
Mazursky, David and Jacob Jacoby. (1986). Exploring the Development of Store Images. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 62 (Summer), P.P. 145-65.
McKinsey Corporation. (1990). The Luxury Industry. An Asset for France. McKinsey, Paris, France
Meer, Jeff (1985) “The Light Touch,” Psychology Today, Vol.September, P.P. 60-67
Mehrabian, A., and Russell, J. A. (1974). An Approach to Environmental Psycholog. Cambridge, Mass: MIT press
Milliman, R. E. (1982). Using background music to affect behavior of supermarket shoppers. Journal of Marketing, Vol.46, P.P. 86-91.
Nicosia, F. M. (1966). Marketing and Advertising Implication. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Nueno and Quelch. (1998). The Mass Marketing of Luxury. Business Horizons.Greenwich: Nov/Dec, Vol. 41(6), P.P. 61-68
Oakes, Steve. (2003). Musical Tempo and Waiting Perceptions. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 20(8), P.P. 685–705
Oakes, Steve and North, Adrian C. (2006). The Impact of Background Musical Tempo and Timbre Congruity Upon Ad Content Recall and Affective Response. Cognitive Psychology, P.P. 505–520
Olshavsky, R. (1985). Perceived Quality in Consumer Decision- Making: An Integrated Theoretical Perspective. In Perceived Quality: How Consumers View Stores and Merchandise. (Eds. Jacob Jacoby and Jerry Olson). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, P.P. 3-29.
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A., and Berry, L.L. (1991). A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and its Implication for Future Research. Journal of Marketing, Vol.49, P.P. 41-50
Retail Crowding (1990). Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Retailing, Vol.66 (Summer): P.P. 201–221
Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (1991). Consumer Behavior. (2nd ed). NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc.
Stephenson, Ronald P. (1969). Identifying Determinants of Retail Patronage, Journal of Marketing, Vol.33, P.P. 57-61
Stokols, D. (1972). A Social-Psychological Model of Human Crowding Phenomena. Journal of American Institute of Planners, Vol.38, P.P. 72-83
Stratton, V. N. (1992). Influence of music and socializing on perceived stress while waiting. Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol.75, P.P. 334.
Sweeney, J., & Wyber, F. (2002). The role of cognitions and emotions in the music-approach avoidance behavior relationship. Journal of Services Marketing, Vol.16(1), P.P. 51-69.
Turley, L. W. and Milliman, R. E. (2000). Atmosphere effects on shopping behavior: A review of the experimental evidence. Journal of Business Research, Vol.49, P.P. 167-181.
Veblen, T. (1899). The Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Macmillan.
Vickers, J. S. & Renand, F. (2003). The marketing of luxury goods: An exploratory study –three conceptual dimensions. The Marketing Review Vol.3 (4), P.P. 459-478. 
Wakefield, K., Baker, J. (1998). Excitement at the mall: determinants and effects on shopping response. Journal of Retailing, Vol.74(4), P.P. 515-539.
Walters, C.G. and G.W. Paul (1970). Consumer Behavior: an Integrated Framework. (3rd ed). Homewood, Richard D. Irwin Inc.
Ward, J. C., Bitner, M. J., and Barnes, J. (1992). Measuring the proto-typicality and measuring of retail environments. Journal of Retailing, Vol. 68(2), P.P. 194-220.
Williams (1982). Consumer behavior fundamental and strategies. St. Paul Minn: West Publishing Co.
Yalch. Richard and Eric Spangenberg (1990). Effects of Store Music on Shopping Behavior. The Journal of Services Marketing, Vol.4 (Winter), P.P. 31-39.
Yalch. Richard F. and Eric Spangenberg (1988). An Environmental Psychological Study of Foreground and Background Music as Retail Atmospheric Factors. AM A Educators' Conference Proceedings, Alf W. Walle, ed. Chicago: American Marketing Association, P.P. 106-110.
Yalch. Richard F. and Eric Spangenberg (1990). Effects of Store Music on Shopping Behavior." Journal of Consumer Marketing. Vol. 7 (Spring). P.P. 55-63.
Yalch. Richard F. and Eric Spangenberg (1993). Using Store Music for Retail Zoning: A Field Experiment. Advances in Consumer Research, Leigh McAlister and Michael L Rothschild, eds. Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, Vol. 20, P.P. 632-636.
Yoo C., & Park,. J. & Macinnis, D. J. (1998). Effects of store characteristic & In-store emotional experiences on store attitude, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 42, P.P. 253-263.
Zaltman, G. (2000). Consumer Researchers：Take a Hike. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 26 (March), P.P. 423-428.
Zikmund, W. G. and M. Amico (1993). Marketing, NY. West Publishing.
Zimmer, W.R. and L.L. Golden (1988). Impression of Retail Stores: A Content Analysis of Consumer Image. Journal of Retailing, Vol.64, P.P. 265-293.

 
二、	中文部分

王美娟（1999）「連鎖店之行銷導向對顧客商店印象的影響」，國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
王健民 (1992) 「音樂、情緒、購買涉入與購買行為之研究」，私立中原大學碩士論文
何介舜 (2007) 「臺灣精品業子母公司的競合策略」，國立台灣大學管理學院碩士論文
呂惠玲（2008）「精品產業關鍵成功因素研究」，淡江大學商學院國際商學碩士在職專班碩士論文
李律嫻 (2003 ) 「商店實體環境對消費行為影響之研究—以服飾零售業為例」，台北輔仁大學織品服裝研究所碩士論文
李振昌譯 (2005) 收買感官，信仰品牌，台北市，商智文化出版。 (原書：Lindstrom, M.(2005) Brand sense: How to build powerful brands through touch, taste, smell, sight and sound)
沈迪銘（1993）「商店形象,商店選擇與惠顧行為之關係研究─台北市地區新型連鎖藥局之實證研究」，國立中山大學企業管理學系研究所碩士論文
吳郁驊 (2004) 「高雄前鎮觀光魚市消費者行為之研究」，國立高雄應用科技大學觀光管理系碩士論文
林靈宏 (1994) 消費者行為，臺北市，五南
邱培榮 (2000) 「展示設計之研究-以商品展場設計為例說明」，中原大學室內設計研究所碩士論文
孫良賢（2003）「多元商店氣氛對消費購買意圖之影響」，輔仁大學管理研究所碩士論文
張愛華（1977）「消費者商店印象之研究」，國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
敏建蜀，游漢明，蘇哲仁（2006）行銷研究：統計工具之應用與分析（初版），台北：華泰
梁海葳（2008）「咖啡連鎖店消費者對於商店環境、知覺價值與購買意願之研究-以星巴克為例」，淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文
許士軍（1987）現代行銷管理，台北：商略印書館
連育正 (2000 ) 「青少年消費型態與消費空間關係之研究-以西門町為例」， 中原大學室內設計研究所碩士論文
郭乃瑄 (2007) 「解析精品消費神話：歐美與日系女性雜誌之分析比較研究」，淡江大學大眾傳播學系傳播碩士班碩士論文
郭黎憶（2003）「精品產業經營策略之探討」，國立中正大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
郭芳綺（2010）「國際精品顧客價值與消費者購買決策之研究」，淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文
陳玉屏（2006）「從品牌利益觀點對品牌信任、品牌情感與品牌關係品質影響之研究—以精品品牌為例」，逢甲大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
陳明分 (1990) 「商店印象之研究─以台南地區良美、東帝士及遠東百貨公司為例」，高雄中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文
陳翰平（2000）「商店氣氛對情緒與趨避行為影響之研究」，高雄第一科技大學行銷與流通管理系碩士論文
游淨茹（2007）「國際精品品牌在台灣經營模式之比較」，東吳大學商學院企業管理學系碩士班
曾雅青（2007）「買名牌不失手」，台北：三采文化。

黃庭翊（2009）「咖啡連鎖店消費者對於商店環境、之決價值與購買意願之比較研究—以台灣與美國星巴克為例」，淡江大學國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士班碩士論文
熊承慧（2008）「投資型保險購買決策關鍵因素之研究」，銘傳大學應用統計資訊學系碩士班碩士論文
蔡大山 (2006) 「全球性品牌與地方性品牌對消費者行為影響之比較研究-以西式炸機速食業為例」，朝陽科技大學企業管理學系碩士論文
簡建明（2009）「精品事業經營模式之探討」，國立中央大學企業管理學系碩士論文
藍麗娟 譯 (2007) Chadha, R. ＆ Husband, P. 著. 亞洲名牌聖教－破解奢華爆炸的密碼，台北：天下
顏慶迎（2006）「法國時尚產業為何稱霸全球」，淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士班碩士論文
魏曉燕（2007）「臺北市立教育大學游泳消費者購買決策及滿意度之研究」，臺北市立教育大學體育學系碩士班碩士論文
羅心華（2006）「以整合行銷傳播觀點看購物心情、情緒、商店氣氛與衝動性購買行為之關係—以北市四家百貨公司為例」，國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士論文 
三、	網站部分

Best Global Brands (n.d.). Retrieved November 1, 2010, from http://www.interbrand.com/en/best-global-brands/best-global-brands-2008/best-global-brands-2010.aspx 
BRAND名牌時尚網：http://www.brand.net.tw/。
BURBERRY：http://www.burberry.com/HomeWorld.aspx。
CHANEL：http://www.chanel.com/。
GUCCI：http://www.ppr.com/。
HERMES：http://www.hermes.com/。
Louis Vuitton：http://www.louisvuitton.com/ Louis Vuitton
LVHM，http://www.lvmh.com/。
摩根史坦利公司：http://www.morganstanlet.com/。