由於血液流經人工器官時，紅血球受到非生理流況產生應力使其外膜破裂，釋放出血紅素到血漿中。而血漿中的自由血紅素是含有毒性的，會造成腎臟及其他器官的衰竭，因此在研發人工器官時，都不期望血球遭受到破壞而引發溶血。故本實驗利用噴射流來形成紊流場，流場量測則使用數位質點影像測速儀，得知流場的分佈，再將清洗過的血球置入流場中進行溶血實驗。雷諾應力及黏滯切應力常被用來估算溶血，因此引用過去學者所做的研究進行驗證的工作。雷諾應力跟隨Sallam[3]所做的實驗，驗證了雷諾應力值為400Pa時血球會遭受到破壞，但本實驗經過主軸平面的轉換後雷諾應力的閥值應為718Pa。而黏滯切應力則利用Sheng[31]與Jones[23]兩種方法進行分析，本實驗做出來的數據計算出來的黏滯切應力大小均符合Jones的研究結果。

When blood passes through the artificial organ, membranes of red blood cells crack due to the shear stress generated by nonphysical flow condition, thus hemoglobin are released from red blood cells and flow into plasma. These free hemoglobin in plasma are toxic. They may cause kidneys or other organ failures. Therefore, under the research and development process of artificial organs, preventing the destruction of blood cells that can lead to hemolysis is certainly the top priority. For this reason, this study aims to create turbulence fields by means of a jet flow, and measure the distribution of flow field and turbulent stresses by using  digital particle image velocimeter (DPIV). The washed porcine blood cells are then put into the flow field to do the hemolytic experiment. The thresholds of the Reynolds shear stress and viscous shear stress are usually put to use to measure the hemolysis. In comparision with previous researchers, this study well compare with that of Sallam and Hwang[1] measured the Reynolds shear stress in free turbulent jet flow and reported values of 400 N/m2 .However, in this study Reynolds shear stress is at 718 N/m2 after the shift between principal axis and plane. Moreover, The viscous shear stress is used Sheng[31] and Jones[23] are two ways to analyze the data from this experiment, the quantity of viscous shear stress confirm the results of Jones’s study.

目錄
目錄	IV
圖目錄	VI
表目錄	XI
第一章 緒論	1
1-1 前言	1
1-2 研究動機和目的	2
第二章 文獻回顧	3
2-1噴射流	3
2-2應力對血球的影響	6
第三章 實驗設置、方法及資料分析	11
3-1 噴射流場的量測實驗	11
3-1-1 流場設置	11
3-1-2 數位質點影像測速系統	11
3-1-3 實驗方法	13
3-1-4 資料分析	15
3-2 溶血實驗	22
3-2-1 動物血液的處理	22
3-2-2 實驗設置	23
3-2-3 實驗方法	24
3-2-4 樣品分析	25
第四章 結果與討論	28
4-1 流場分析	28
4-1-1 速度分布	28
4-1-2 雷諾切應力分布	29
4-1-3 紊流強度	30
4-1-4 最小紊流尺度	30
4-1-5紊流黏滯切應力	31
4-2血液分析	32
第五章 結論與建議	36
參考文獻	38

 
圖目錄
圖2-1 噴射流能量的生成與消散曲線圖	43
圖2-2 過去文獻對於溶血應力閥值與暴露時間的比較圖	44
圖3-1為噴射管三次曲線圖	45
圖3-2 流場配置圖	46
圖3-3數位質點影像測速系統配置圖	47
圖3-4 溶血實驗流場配置圖	48
圖3 -5血紅素濃度對應吸收值之標準曲線圖(a)	49
圖3 -6血紅素濃度對應吸收值之標準曲線圖(b)	49
圖3 -7 血紅素濃度對應吸收值之標準曲線圖(c)	50
圖4-1.a 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	51
圖4-1.b 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	52
圖4-1.c 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	53
圖4-1.d 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	54
圖4-1.e 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	55
圖4-1.f 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	56
圖4-2.a 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	57
圖4-2.b 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	58
圖4-2.c 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	59
圖4-2.d 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	60
圖4-2.e 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	61
圖4-2.f 各噴口速度流場的平均速度(m/s)向量圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	62
圖4-3.a 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	63
圖4-3.b 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	64
圖4-3.c 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	65
圖4-3.d 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	66
圖4-3.e 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	67
圖4-3.f 各噴口速度流場的雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	68
圖4-4.a 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	69
圖4-4.b 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	70
圖4-4.c 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	71
圖4-4.d 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	72
圖4-4.e 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	73
圖4-4.f 各噴口速度流場的無因次雷諾切應力等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	74
圖4-5 各噴口速度流場在Y=6.5D的雷諾切應力(Pa)分布圖	75
圖4-6.a 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	76
圖4-6.b 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	77
圖4-6.c 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	78
圖4-6.d 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖	79
(Ue=9.66m/s)	79
圖4-6.e 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖	80
(Ue=9.09m/s)	80
圖4-6.f 各噴口速度流場的最大雷諾切應力(Pa)等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	81
圖4-7.a 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	82
圖4-7.b 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	83
圖4-7.c 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	84
圖4-7.d 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	85
圖4-7.e 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	86
圖4-7.f 各噴口速度流場的軸向紊流強度等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	87
圖4-8.a 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	88
圖4-8.b 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	89
圖4-8.c 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	90
圖4-8.d 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	91
圖4-8.e 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	92
圖4-8.f 各噴口速度流場的Kolmogorov尺度等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	93
圖4-9.a 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	94
圖4-9.b 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	95
圖4-9.c 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	96
圖4-9.d 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	97
圖4-9.e 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	98
圖4-9.f 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)S等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	99
圖4-10.a 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=11.37m/s)	100
圖4-10.b 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=10.80m/s)	101
圖4-10.c 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=10.23m/s)	102
圖4-10.d 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=9.66m/s)	103
圖4-10.e 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=9.09m/s)	104
圖4-10.f 各噴口速度流場的紊流黏滯切應力(TVSS)J等量線圖(Ue=8.53m/s)	105
圖4-11 溶血參數相對於RSS(Pa)比較圖	106

 
表目錄
表3-1 六個不同速度的流場	14
表3-2 實驗的量測位置、噴口速度及雷諾切應力	24
表4-1 RSS與RSS-Maj在各噴口速度於X=0.8R,Y=6.5D的差異	29
表4-2血液分析和應力值的關係	32
表4-3 針對血球破壞閥值做其他應力的探討	34
表4-4 林志誠[6]的血球破壞閥值結果	34
表4-5 Jones利用文獻計算出來的結果	34

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