系統識別號 | U0002-0709202014051400 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2020.00160 |
論文名稱(中文) | 使用環保溶劑溶解聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯進行靜電紡絲製備次微米纖維之研究 |
論文名稱(英文) | Use of environmentally friendly solvents to dissolve poly(ethyl methacrylate) for preparing submicron fibers by electrospinning |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 108 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 109 |
研究生(中文) | 李祥雲 |
研究生(英文) | Hsiang-Yun Lee |
學號 | 607400438 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2020-07-15 |
論文頁數 | 84頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
張朝欽(ccchang@mail.tku.edu.tw)
委員 - 鄭廖平(lpcheng@mail.tku.edu.tw) 委員 - 游洋雁(yyyu@mail.mcut.edu.tw) |
關鍵字(中) |
靜電紡絲 聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯 環保溶劑 共溶劑 疏水性 |
關鍵字(英) |
electrospinning poly(ethylmethacrylate) environmentally friendly solvents cosolvents hydrophobic |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
傳統用來溶解疏水性高分子進行靜電紡絲製程的溶劑,如二氯甲烷、氯仿、二甲基甲醯胺、甲苯等,對環境及健康的危害性高,多數受行政院環境保護署公告列管,尋求較無害及環保的溶劑為重要課題。 本研究以環保溶劑溶解聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯(poly(ethylmethacrylate), PEMA),以靜電紡絲製備疏水性高分子次微米纖維。研究中分為以異丙醇/水共溶劑、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇溶劑溶解PEMA進行電紡實驗。異丙醇和水不能單獨溶解疏水性的高分子,研究中使用不同異丙醇/水比例的共溶劑溶解PEMA溶液,期望本研究之系統及製程能達到永續環保的特點。 配置的溶液加熱攪拌溶解並冷卻至室溫持續攪拌,選擇在連續攪拌第三天黏度穩定時作為實驗的製程,先利用ne值對濃度作圖與比黏度對濃度之對數作圖預測電紡情況,再於室溫下進行靜電紡絲實驗。研究中改變靜電紡絲製程條件,瞭解不同變因(濃度、溶劑比例、電壓、工作距離、流速等)對紡出纖維型態的影響。在適當的條件下可得完全纖維型態,纖維以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察後計算得直徑約為0.9 μm~ 4.5 μm,對水的接觸角可大於130°,具疏水性。紡絲成品使用FTIR-ATR、TGA、DSC進行結構及熱性質分析。 |
英文摘要 |
Solvents commonly used to dissolve hydrophobic polymers for electrospinning processes are dichloromethane, chloroform, dimethylformamide, toluene, etc. They are harmful to the environment and health, thus most of them are under monitoring and inspection by Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan. It is an important issue to search for harmless and environmentally friendly solvents. In this study, poly(ethylmethacrylate), (PEMA) was dissolved in environmentally friendly solvent or cosolvent, such as 2-propanol/water, 1-methoxy-2-propanol to prepare submicron fibers by electrospinning. 2-Propanol and water cannot dissolve hydrophobic polymers, thus cosolvents with different ratios were used to prepare PEMA solutions. It is expected that the system and process of this study can achieve sustainable environmental protection. The polymer solutions were heated and stirred for 6 hours, and stirred continuously at room temperature for 3 days. Then, the solutions were electrospun at room temperature. Two methods, the graph of ne value versus the concentration and the specific viscosity versus the logarithm of the concentration were employed to predict the electrospinning situation. The electrospinning process conditions (concentration, solvent ratio, voltage, working distance, flow rate, etc.) were changed to understand the influence of different variables on fiber types and diameters. Under appropriate conditions, defect-free fibers can be obtained. Fibers diameter are calculated to be about 0.9 μm~ 4.5 μm after observation through a scanning electron microscope. Electrospun fiber membranes were superb hydrophobicly with contact angles more than 130°. The structural and thermal properties were analyzed by FTIR (ATR), TGA, and DSC. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
目錄 致謝 I 目錄 V 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 4 2.1靜電紡絲技術 4 2.2靜電紡絲之參數 5 2.2.1溶液參數(solution parameters) 6 2.2.2操作參數(process parameters) 10 2.2.3環境參數(ambient parameters) 13 2.3靜電紡絲溶劑選擇 14 2.4研究目的 16 第三章 實驗 17 3.1實驗材料 17 3.2實驗方法及流程 19 3.3電紡設備及分析儀器 21 第四章 結果與討論 23 4.1 IPA/water共溶劑 23 4.1.1 PEMA溶液性質 23 4.1.2溶液濃度之影響 26 4.1.3共溶劑比例之影響 29 4.1.4靜電紡絲操作變因之影響 34 4.2 NPA/water共溶劑 40 4.2.1共溶劑之比較 40 4.2.2溶液濃度之影響 41 4.2.3靜電紡絲操作變因之影響 47 4.3 PM純溶劑 53 4.3.1溶劑之比較 53 4.3.2溶液濃度之影響 54 4.3.3靜電紡絲操作變因之影響 58 4.4 PEMA纖維性質分析 66 4.4.1物性分析 66 4.4.2 FTIR分析 68 4.4.3熱性質分析 71 第五章 結論 75 第六章 參考文獻 76 附錄A 79 附錄B 80 附錄C 81 附錄D 82 附錄E 83 圖目錄 圖1-1靜電紡絲示意圖 1 圖2-1不同分子量PLA溶於DMF/DCM共溶劑ne隨濃度變化圖 6 圖2-2固定25 wt%下不同重量分子量PVA纖維 7 圖2-3表面張力及黏度對PVP 4 wt%不同比例ethanol/DMF圖 9 圖2-4不同電壓下靜電紡絲的噴頭型態 11 圖2-5 PEO不同電壓-流速的操作點 12 圖2-6 PEMA膜與電紡纖維DSC圖 15 圖3-1 PEMA靜電紡絲實驗流程 20 圖4-1不同濃度PEMA溶於異丙醇/水= 8/2溶液之ne值 23 圖4-2異丙醇/水= 8/2不同濃度於室溫下攪拌第3天測得之黏度 24 圖4-3異丙醇/水= 8/2比黏度對濃度之對數作圖 25 圖4-4不同濃度PEMA溶液電紡的纖維型態 27 圖4-5電紡溶液之纖維平均直徑分布 28 圖4-6固定濃度為5.7 wt%不同溶劑比例黏度、表面張力圖 30 圖4-7電紡異丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 31 圖4-8電紡異丙醇/水= 7.8/2.2的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 31 圖4-9電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 32 圖4-10電紡異丙醇/水= 8.5/1.5的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 32 圖4-11電紡異丙醇/水= 9/1的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 33 圖4-12電紡異丙醇/水= 9.5/0.5的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 33 圖4-13電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%溶液電壓為10.5 kV之纖維型態 35 圖4-14電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%溶液電壓為13 kV之纖維型態 35 圖4-15固定濃度為5.7 wt%不同溶劑比例不同電壓之纖維直徑 36 圖4-16電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%工作距離12 cm之纖維型態 38 圖4-17電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%工作距離15 cm (13 kV)纖維型態 38 圖4-18電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%工作距離15 cm (16 kV)纖維型態 39 圖4-19電紡異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%工作距離15 cm (19 kV)纖維型態 39 圖4-20不同濃度PEMA溶於正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5溶液之ne值 41 圖4-21正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5不同濃度於室溫下攪拌第3天測得之黏度 42 圖4-22電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的5.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 44 圖4-23電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%溶液之纖維型態 45 圖4-24電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的7.4 wt%溶液之纖維型態 45 圖4-25電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的9.1 wt%溶液之纖維型態 46 圖4-26電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的10.7 wt%溶液之纖維型態 46 圖4-27電紡正丙醇/水= 8/2的6.5 wt%溶液之纖維型態 46 圖4-28電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%溶液電壓為13 kV之纖維型態 48 圖4-29電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%溶液電壓為16 kV之纖維型態 48 圖4-30電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%溶液電壓為19 kV之纖維型態 49 圖4-31電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%溶液電壓為22 kV之纖維型態 49 圖4-32正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5不同濃度不同電壓之纖維直徑 50 圖4-33電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的10.7 wt%工作距離為12 cm之纖維型態 52 圖4-34電紡正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的10.7 wt%工作距離為15 cm之纖維型態 52 圖4-35不同濃度PEMA溶於1-甲氧基-2-丙醇溶液之ne值 54 圖4-36電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的10 wt%溶液之纖維型態 56 圖4-37電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的12 wt%溶液之纖維型態 56 圖4-38電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的13.5 wt%溶液之纖維型態 56 圖4-39電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%溶液之纖維型態 57 圖4-40電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%溶液電壓為13 kV之纖維型態 59 圖4-41電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%溶液電壓為16 kV之纖維型態 59 圖4-42電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%溶液電壓為19 kV之纖維型態 60 圖4-43電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%工作距離為18 cm之纖維型態 62 圖4-44電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%工作距離為20 cm之纖維型態 62 圖4-45電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%流速為0.1 ml/min 22 kV之纖維型態 64 圖4-46電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%流速為0.15 ml/min 22 kV之纖維型態 64 圖4-47電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%流速為0.15 ml/min 28 kV之纖維型態 65 圖4-48電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt% 3分鐘之纖維型態 67 圖4-49電紡1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt% 20分鐘之纖維型態 67 圖4-50 PEMA粉粒與溶劑比例異丙醇/水= 8/2纖維之FTIR-ATR光譜圖 69 圖4-51 PEMA粉粒與不同溶劑紡絲纖維之FTIR-ATR光譜圖 70 圖4-52 PEMA粉粒與溶劑比例異丙醇/水= 8/2纖維DSC一次升溫分析圖 72 圖4-53 PEMA粉粒與溶劑比例異丙醇/水= 8/2纖維DSC二次升溫分析圖 72 圖4-54 PEMA粉粒與不同溶劑紡絲纖維DSC一次升溫分析圖 73 圖B-1異丙醇/水= 8/2不同濃度於室溫下攪拌5天測得之黏度 80 圖E-1 PEMA粉粒及紡絲纖維之熱重損失圖 83 圖E-2 PEMA粉粒及紡絲纖維之熱重損失微分圖 84 表目錄 表1-1靜電紡絲之應用 2 表1-2標準大氣壓下溶劑性質表 3 表2-1利用不同經驗法預測PEMA於有機溶劑的溶解度 14 表2-2高分子及不同溶劑之溶解度參數 16 表3-1標準大氣壓下溶劑物性表 18 表3-2正丙醇、異丙醇與水形成的二元共沸物 18 表4-1異丙醇/水= 8/2不同濃度之纖維直徑、接觸角 26 表4-2濃度5.7 wt%不同溶劑比例之溶液性質、纖維直徑、接觸角 30 表4-3異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%不同電壓之纖維直徑、接觸角 34 表4-4異丙醇/水= 8/2的5.7 wt%不同工作距離之纖維直徑、接觸角 37 表4-5異丙醇/水和正丙醇/水5.7 wt%不同溶劑比例下第3天之黏度 40 表4-6正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5不同濃度之纖維直徑、接觸角 44 表4-7正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的6.5 wt%不同電壓之纖維直徑、接觸角 47 表4-8正丙醇/水= 7.5/2.5的10.7 wt%不同工作距離之纖維直徑、接觸角 51 表4-9不同溶劑 10 wt%第3天之黏度、表面張力 53 表4-10 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇不同濃度之纖維直徑、接觸角 55 表4-11 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%不同電壓之纖維直徑、接觸角 58 表4-12 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%不同工作距離之纖維直徑、接觸角 61 表4-13 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇的15 wt%不同流速之纖維直徑、接觸角 63 表4-14 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇不同紡絲時間之纖維直徑、接觸角 66 表4-15 PEMA粉粒與溶劑比例異丙醇/水= 8/2纖維DSC數據分析 74 表4-16 PEMA粉粒與不同溶劑紡絲纖維DSC數據分析 74 表A-1靜電紡絲不銹鋼針規格 79 表E-1高分子原料及紡絲纖維之熱重損失數據 84 |
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