WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) 802.16e/j為目前新興的無線通訊技術，在寛頻無線網路(Broadband wireless access， BWA)的架構中，其主要網路元件為基地台(Base Station, BS)、中繼台(Relay station, RS) 及Mobile Subscribe Stations (MSs)。由於MSs所需的電量是由電池供電，在IEEE 802.16e協定中定義了省電模式，使MSs可進入省電狀態並延長其生命期，然而，過度的省電將影響BS及MS間的通訊時間，間接影響通訊流量及服務品質，因此，針對單一MS的醒睡方式，BS必須在服務品質及省電上進行適當的排程(Scheduling)，由於BS的頻寬有限，不同的MSs的傳輸服務所要求之最大延遲(Maximum Delay)有不同的限制。因此，如何在滿足最大延遲及增長睡眠時間的同時，亦能避免各個MSs接收及傳輸資料的排程時間衝撞，將是一極具挑戰的研究議題。本論文擬設計一運作在WiMAX 802.16e/j BS的排程機制，利用資料到達率、頻寛限制和最小延遲時間(delay time)的特性，對MSs進行排程，以達到提昇MSs的省電效能、滿足各連結的最大延遲要求及增加頻寬利用率與網路流量，並在BS與各RS之間或BS與各MSs之間，避免彼此之間的資料在同時間中，同時傳的情形發生等多重目的。

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) 802.16e/j[1][2] is an emerging wireless communication technology for wireless broadband network (Broadband wireless access, BWA). The main components of a WiMAX network are consist of Base Station(BS), Relay station(RS) and the Mobile Subscribe Stations (MSs). Since the MSs is battery-powered, the IEEE 802.16e defines a power-saving mode, which allows the MSs staying at this mode for energy conservation. However, an MS staying in power saving mode can not exchange data with BS and thus has significant impacts on network throughput and quality of services. As a result, efficient power saving scheduling that take advantages from energy consumption and QoS guarantee is one of the most important issue in IEEE 802.16e. This thesis develops an efficient power saving scheduling mechanism that considers both the BS bandwidth constraint and the delay constraint and aims to maximize the sleep time of an MS but meets the QoS requirements of all its connections.   Simulation results reveal that the developed power saving scheduling mechanism can efficiently achieve the goal of energy consumption while the QoS requirement can be satisfied.

目錄
一、簡介	1
1.1 WiMAX 的市場特性與價值	1
1.2 IEEE 802.16 標準的簡介	3
1.3 IEEE 802.16的訊框架構	6
1.4 IEEE 802.16實體層特性	7
1.5 IEEE 802.16e的換手及節能設計	11
1.6 IEEE 802.16j標準	13
1.7 IEEE 802.16e/j的Quality of Services 服務類型	18
1.8 IEEE 802.16e/j的三種節能機制	22
1.9 本論文的動機、目的及挑戰	27
1.10 章節架構	30
二、國內外相關研究	32
三、網路環境與待解決問題	37
四、IEEE 802.16e 之EQS	42
4.1 MS的節能排程	42
4.2 BS排程階段	49
4.2.1 在BS排程中如何避免MSs之間的資料在同時間傳輸	50
4.2.2 EQS的排程演算法	56
五、IEEE 802.16j 之EQS	62
六、實驗	65
6.1 MS節能效能	65
6.2 BS排程效能	67
七、結論	71
參考文獻	72
附錄-英文論文	74

圖目錄
圖1.2.1 IEEE 802.16協定分層架構(From IEEE Std 802.16-2004)	5
圖1.3.1 Frame Structure of IEEE 802.16	7
圖1.4.1 OFMD和OFMA的差別	9
圖1.4.2 IEEE 802.16所提供三種調變的方式	9
圖1.5.1 當MSs移動到不同服務的BS	12
圖1.6.1 IEEE 802.16j使用形態(資料來源 IEEE 80216j-06/015)	14
圖1.6.2 Frame Structure of IEEE 802.16j	15
圖1.6.3 穿透式中繼台Transparent RS	16
圖1.6.4 非穿透式中繼台Non-transparent RS	17
圖1.7.1 UGS scheduling service	19
圖1.7.2 rtPS scheduling service	19
圖1.7.3 nrtPS scheduling service	20
圖1.7.4 BE scheduling service	20
圖1.7.5 ertPS scheduling service	21
圖1.8.1 Power Saving Class of Type I的圖式	25
圖1.8.2 Power Saving Class of Type II的圖式	26
圖1.8.3 Power Saving Class of Type III的圖式	26
圖1.9.1 MS排程的awake state和sleep state	29
圖1.9.2 BS和RS與MSs在IEEE 802.16e/j的網路架構	30
圖2.1 Chen 和Tsao所提之排程	33
圖2.2 Delay Constraint 和Bandwidth Constraint的重疊區域	34
圖2.3 Primary MS、Secondary MS和Sleep MS的排程	36
圖3.1 MS中tisleep和tiawake兩個狀態	38
圖3.2 MS之間同時間傳輸資料	40
圖4.1.1 平均分配資料於週期Frame中	44
圖4.1.2 每個Frame中所有資料平均分配資料總和	46
圖4.1.3 MS排程中傳輸滿一個Frame的資料	47
圖4.2.1.1 BS排程中不同傳輸週期MS的同時間傳輸資料	52
圖4.2.1.2 BS排程中擁有相同因數MS週期的同時間傳輸資料	53
圖4.2.1.3 調整BS排程中擁有相同因數的MS週期排程	54
圖4.2.2.1 BS排程中Bcycle的劃分	57
圖4.2.2.2 Bcycle Gm的圖示	58
圖4.2.2.3 Bcycle中Giarea區域	59
圖4.2.2.4 EQS對於BS排程的結果	61
圖6.1.1 頻寬對於EQS的影響	66
圖6.1.2 fidata資料量的影響	66
圖6.2.1 6個Ai的資料傳輸效率	68
圖6.2.2 所有資料量所佔用BS頻寬和BS未佔用頻寬的比例	69 

表目錄
表格1.1.1 Wi-Fi、3G行動通訊系和WiMAX的比較	3
表格1.1.2 IEEE 802.16家族	4
表格1.4.1 IEEE 802.16都會型無線網路之調變與編碼參數	10
表格1.4.2 PER =10^-6 下的CINR 值表（From IEEE Std 802.16-2005）	11
表格1.7.1 IEEE 802.16e協定中QoS的重要參數	22
表格1.8.1 睡眠機制所使用的控制訊息	24
表格1.8.2 三種節能機制的差異	27
表格3.1 網路元件符號	37
表格4.1.1 MS節能排程的符號	43
表格4.2.1 BS排程的符號	50
表格5.1 含RS排程的符號	62

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