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系統識別號 U0002-0602201215315600
DOI 10.6846/TKU.2012.00220
論文名稱(中文) 金屬箔片方杯微深引伸成形極限與破裂之研究
論文名稱(英文) Study of Forming Limit and Fracture in Micro Deep Drawing of Square Cup for Metallic Foil
第三語言論文名稱
校院名稱 淡江大學
系所名稱(中文) 機械與機電工程學系博士班
系所名稱(英文) Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering
外國學位學校名稱
外國學位學院名稱
外國學位研究所名稱
學年度 100
學期 1
出版年 101
研究生(中文) 蔡坤男
研究生(英文) Kun-Nan Tsay
學號 694340042
學位類別 博士
語言別 繁體中文
第二語言別
口試日期 2012-01-11
論文頁數 132頁
口試委員 指導教授 - 葉豐輝
委員 - 蔡國忠
委員 - 盧永華
委員 - 蔡慧駿
委員 - 李經綸
委員 - 葉豐輝
關鍵字(中) 金屬箔片
成形極限
微深引伸成形
適應性網路模糊推論系統
連體損傷力學
關鍵字(英) Metallic foil
Forming limit
Micro deep drawing
Adaptive network fuzzy inference system
Continuum damage mechanics
第三語言關鍵字
學科別分類
中文摘要
本文係應用顯性動態有限元素法結合適應性網路模糊推論系統(ANFIS) 與連體損傷力學(CDM),進行方杯微深引伸之成形極限與破裂分析。研究中首先針對金屬箔片進行拉伸試驗及摩擦試驗,獲取數值分析所需之材料參數,並利用影像處理之非接觸方式得到材料之異向性值。其次利用數值分析探討不同沖頭及沖模圓弧角對於方杯微深引伸成形極限之影響,將不同料片直徑及其成形極限圖中料片應變與破裂成形曲線最短距離之資料建立資料庫,經由ANFIS複合式學習演算法,逆向預測達成形極限之初始料片直徑,並透過CDM所計算之損傷曲線及刪除元素法完成精微成形之破裂分析。
本研究為驗證模擬分析之可信度,設計一組模具進行實驗,經由數值分析與實驗結果之沖頭負荷與衝程關係、杯高分佈、工件套疊及初始破裂等比較,其結果一致,顯示本研究應用顯性動態有限元素法分別結合ANFIS與CDM能精確預測金屬箔片方杯微深引伸成形極限與破裂分析,將可作為相關精微成形之研究參考。
英文摘要
This thesis combines the explicit dynamic finite element method with Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) to study the forming limit and fracture analysis in the micro deep drawing of square cup. First, the tensile and friction test are conducted to obtain the material parameters of the metallic foil for numerical analysis. The anisotropic value is obtained by the noncontact image process in the present study. Then, this study uses numerical analysis to discuss the forming limit for various arc radii of punch and die in the micro deep drawing of square cup. The various blank diameters and the minimum distance between strain of blank and forming limit curve fracture in forming limit diagram are used to establish a rule data base. From the hybrid-learning algorithm in ANFIS, the blank diameter with forming limit can be predicted inversely. The damage curve of CDM is computed to appear the fracture analysis by eroding element method.
This study designs a set of tools for experiments to verify the reliability of simulation. By comparison of numerical and experimental results, it shows that the punch load-stroke relationship, the distribution of cup height, the deformed profile of square cup and the initial fracture are consistent. It proves that the explicit dynamic finite element method based on ANFIS and CDM can predicts accurately forming limit and fracture analysis in the micro deep drawing of square cup. The results of this thesis can be the reference to the relative research in micro forming.
第三語言摘要
論文目次
目錄
中文摘要	I
英文摘要	II
目錄	IV
圖目錄	VII
表目錄	XV
第一章 緒論	1
1.1 前言	1
1.2 研究動機與目的	1
1.3 文獻回顧	2
1.3.1 精微成形及尺寸效應之定義及相關研究	2
1.3.2 精微成形之種類	4
1.3.3 精微成形材料試驗方法及設備之規劃	5
1.3.4 精微成形模具之製造定位量測	7
1.3.5 金屬箔片精微成形極限之探討	9
1.3.6 連體損傷力學	11
1.4 論文之構成	13
第二章 基本理論	15
2.1 顯性動態有限元素法	15
2.2 適應性網路模糊控制理論	21
2.2.1 模糊推論系統之架構	22
2.2.2 適應性網路模糊推論系統之架構	25
2.2.3 複合學習演算法	28
2.3 連體損傷力學	29
2.3.1 等效應變原理	29
2.3.2 損傷方程式	31
第三章 金屬箔片之材料試驗	35
3.1 金屬箔片之拉伸試驗	35
3.1.1 拉伸試驗之設備與程序	35
3.1.2 拉伸試驗之實驗原理	36
3.1.3 拉伸試驗之下料準備步驟	37
3.1.4 拉伸試驗之實驗步驟	39
3.1.5 拉伸試驗之實驗結果	39
3.2 金屬箔片之異向性值試驗	41
3.2.1 異向性值試驗之設備與程序	41
3.2.2 異向性值試驗之影像處理程序	42
3.2.3 異向性值試驗之實驗原理	48
3.2.4 異向性值試驗之實驗結果	48
3.3 金屬箔片之摩擦試驗	49
3.3.1 摩擦試驗之設備與程序	49
3.3.2 摩擦試驗之實驗原理	50
3.3.3 摩擦試驗之實驗步驟	51
3.3.4 摩擦試驗之實驗結果	52
第四章 金屬箔片精微成形之實驗與數值分析	54
4.1 電解銅箔於方杯微深引伸成形之分析	54
4.1.1 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形之實驗設備與方法	54
4.1.2 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形之實驗步驟	55
4.1.3 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形之數值分析	57
4.1.4 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形之結果與討論	61
4.1.5 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形極限之分析	64
4.1.6 電解銅箔於微深引伸成形破裂之分析	73
4.2  SPCC鋼箔於方杯微深引伸成形之分析	76
4.2.1  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形之實驗設備與方法	76
4.2.2  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形之實驗步驟	77
4.2.3  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形之數值分析	78
4.2.4  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形之結果與討論	79
4.2.5  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形極限之分析	84
4.2.6  SPCC鋼箔於微深引伸成形破裂之分析	108
第五章 結論與未來展望	115
5.1 結論	115
5.2 未來展望	117
參考文獻	119
符號索引	130
 
圖目錄
圖2-1:連續體物體於卡氏座標系統變形	16
圖2-2:運動方程式之邊界條件示意圖	17
圖2-3:吊鐘形歸屬函數示意圖	23
圖2-4:Sugeno模糊推論系統圖	26
圖2-5:適應性網路模糊推論系統之架構圖	26
圖3-1:拉伸試驗設備之整體系統配置圖	36
圖3-2:ASTM D412 Type-D拉伸試驗之試片尺寸	36
圖3-3:不同裁切方式之試片邊緣	38
圖3-4:拉伸試片固定板之示意圖	38
圖3-5:厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於不同方向之真實應力-真實應變
曲線	40
圖3-6:厚度0.050mm SPCC鋼箔於不同方向之真實應力-真實應變
曲線	41
圖3-7:試片上方標記挾持位置、標距長度及寬度	42
圖3-8:開啟IMAQ程式,並匯入試片圖檔	43
圖3-9:RGB色彩空間	43
圖3-10:RGB色彩轉換灰階之原理	44
圖3-11:圖檔影像灰階化	44
圖3-12:調整影像亮度及對比	45
圖3-13:不同亮度、對比之影像直方圖	45
圖3-14:設定閥值	46
圖3-15:二值化之原理	46
圖3-16:開啟量測功能選項	47
圖3-17:量測試片之標距長度及寬度,並將數據輸出至Excel	47
圖3-18:拉伸後之試片	48
圖3-19:摩擦試驗設備之整體系統配置圖	50
圖3-20:摩擦實驗之受力作用示意圖	51
圖4-1:微深引伸成形實驗設備之整體系統配置圖	55
圖4-2:方杯微深引伸成形模具示意圖	56
圖4-3:方杯微深引伸成形之沖模網格分割	58
圖4-4:方杯微深引伸成形之壓料板網格分割	59
圖4-5:方杯微深引伸成形之沖頭網格分割	60
圖4-6:料片網格分割及邊界條件設定	60
圖4-7:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.3mm,厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於不同沖
頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	62
圖4-8:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.3mm,厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於不同沖
頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之杯高分佈圖	62
圖4-9:厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於方杯微深引伸成形之成形歷程圖
	63
圖4-10:厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於不同沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸
 成形後之工件外形比較	63
圖4-11:厚度0.035mm電解銅箔於不同沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸
成形後之厚度分佈	64
圖4-12:料片直徑 5.7mm、5.8mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm、Rd
=0.3mm,方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	65
圖4-13:料片直徑 6.1mm、6.2mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.5mm、Rd
=0.3mm,方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	65
圖4-14:料片直徑 6.3mm、6.4mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.8mm、Rd
=0.3mm,方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	66
圖4-15:不同料片直徑之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm、Rp=0.5mm、Rp=
0.8mm,方杯微深引伸成形極限之杯高分佈圖	66
圖4-16:料片直徑 5.8mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	68
圖4-17:料片直徑 5.7mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	68
圖4-18:料片直徑 6.2mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.5mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	69
圖4-19:料片直徑 6.1mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.5mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	69
圖4-20:料片直徑 6.4mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.8mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	70
圖4-21:料片直徑 6.3mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.8mm、Rd=0.3mm之
方杯微深引伸成形發生破裂之FLD圖	70
圖4-22:料片直徑 5.8mm、 6.2mm、 6.4mm之電解銅箔於不同
頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之厚度分佈	71
圖4-23:料片直徑 5.7mm、 6.1mm、 6.3mm之電解銅箔於不同
頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之厚度分佈	71
圖4-24:料片直徑 5.7mm、 5.8mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm方杯
微深引伸成形後工件套疊圖	72
圖4-25:料片直徑 6.1mm、 6.2mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.5mm方杯
微深引伸成形後工件套疊圖	72
圖4-26:料片直徑 6.3mm、 6.4mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.8mm方杯
微深引伸成形後工件套疊圖	72
圖4-27:厚度0.035mm之電解銅箔Swift Model之損傷曲線	73
圖4-28:料片直徑 5.8mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
發生破裂之厚度歷程圖	74
圖4-29:料片直徑 6.2mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.5mm方杯微深引伸
發生破裂之厚度歷程圖	75
圖4-30:料片直徑 6.4mm之電解銅箔於Rp=0.8mm方杯微深引伸
發生破裂之厚度歷程圖	76
圖4-31:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.2mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	80
圖4-32:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.4mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	80
圖4-33:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.2mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之杯高分佈圖	81
圖4-34:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.4mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之杯高分佈圖	82
圖4-35:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.2mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之厚度分佈圖	83
圖4-36:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.4mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之厚度分佈圖	83
圖4-37:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.2mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之工件外形比較	83
圖4-38:沖模圓弧角Rd=0.4mm,厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔於不同
沖頭圓弧角方杯微深引伸成形後之工件外形比較	84
圖4-39:料片直徑 6.5mm、 6.6mm、 6.8mm之SPCC鋼箔於Rp
 =0.5mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	85
圖4-40:料片直徑 6.8mm、 7.0mm之SPCC鋼箔於Rp=0.8mm、
 =Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	85
圖4-41:料片應變與FLCF最短距離之示意圖	86
圖4-42:料片直徑 6.0mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	87
圖4-43:料片直徑 6.1mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	88
圖4-44:料片直徑 6.2mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	88
圖4-45:料片直徑 6.3mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	89
圖4-46:料片直徑 6.4mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	89
圖4-47:料片直徑 6.5mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
 成形後之FLD圖	90
圖4-48:不同料片直徑Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸成形
 後之FLD圖	90
圖4-49:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之FLD圖	91
圖4-50:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後初始料片與工件比較	92
圖4-51:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之沖衝負荷圖	93
圖4-52:不同料片直徑Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸成形
 後之杯高分佈圖	93
圖4-53:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之工件套疊圖	94
圖4-54:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
伸成形後之厚度分佈圖	95
圖4-55:料片直徑 6.20221mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之成形歷程圖	95
圖4-56:料片直徑 6.8mm、 7.0mm之SPCC鋼箔於Rp=0.5mm、
 =Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	96
圖4-57:料片直徑 7.1mm、 7.2mm之SPCC鋼箔於Rp=0.8mm、
 =Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸成形後之衝程負荷圖	97
圖4-58:料片直徑 6.5mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之FLD圖	98
圖4-59:料片直徑 6.6mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之FLD圖	98
圖4-60:料片直徑 6.7mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之FLD圖	99
圖4-61:料片直徑 6.8mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後之FLD圖	99
圖4-62:料片直徑 6.9mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後之FLD圖	100
圖4-63:料片直徑 7.0mm於Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後之FLD圖	100
圖4-64:不同料片直徑Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸成形
 後之FLD圖	101
圖4-65:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後之FLD圖	102
圖4-66:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後初始料片與工件比較	103
圖4-67:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深
 引伸成形後之沖衝負荷圖	103
圖4-68:不同料片直徑Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸成形
 後之杯高分佈圖	104
圖4-69:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之工件套疊圖	105
圖4-70:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之厚度分佈圖	105
圖4-71:料片直徑 6.74663mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引
 伸成形後之成形歷程圖	106
圖4-72:不同沖模圓弧角Rd於方杯微深引伸成形極限之杯高分
 佈比較圖	108
圖4-73:厚度0.050mm之SPCC鋼箔Swift Model之損傷曲線	109
圖4-74:料片直徑 6.25mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之FLD圖	110
圖4-75:料片直徑 6.25mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之沖衝負荷圖	110
圖4-76:料片直徑 6.25mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之厚度歷程圖	111
圖4-77:料片直徑 6.75mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之FLD圖	112
圖4-78:料片直徑 6.75mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之沖衝負荷圖	113
圖4-79:料片直徑 6.75mm Rp=0.2mm、Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸
成形發生破裂之厚度歷程圖	114
 
表目錄
表1-1:國內近年來各種金屬箔片於尺寸效應之相關研究	4
表1-2:不同拉伸試驗標準規範之比較	7
表3-1:SPCC鋼箔之異向性值	49
表3-2:電解銅箔Side-A與工具鋼之間的摩擦係數	52
表3-3:電解銅箔Side-B與工具鋼之間的摩擦係數	53
表3-4:SPCC鋼箔與工具鋼之間的摩擦係數	53
表4-1:厚度0.035mm電解銅箔之方杯微深引伸成形模具尺寸參
數	56
表4-2:厚度0.050mmSPCC鋼箔之方杯微深引伸成形模具尺寸參
數	77
表4-3:ANFIS預測Rd=0.2mm方杯微深引伸成形極限之知識規則
庫	107
表4-4:ANFIS預測Rd=0.4mm方杯微深引伸成形極限之知識規則
庫	107
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