本論文係聚焦於對歐盟整合研究的理論探討。在長期以往，歐盟整合為傳統理論─政府間主義及新功能主義─為主要解釋途徑。然而在八０年代以降的全球化，深刻地影響了每一個家的經濟發展，亦衝擊了區域化的進展，而歐盟整合為全球最深化的區域化發展，亦在歷經十年的停滯後，在全球化環境下再次展開區域整合。
當然，許多歷史事件可以被區隔解釋，但歐盟整合在過去及現在都並非固定單一，而在整合背後的趨動力量，從啟動、停滯到再展開，引起本論文研究的興趣。尤其是在九０年代初期出現的歐洲經濟貨幣同盟(EMU)，被視為是歐盟整合四十五年歷史的重要成就，卻是一個在七０年代就被提出的概念，究竟為何同樣的計畫在不同時空有不同的結果？而EMU又如何影響了歐盟人民的生活？為何在六０年代及七０年代整合進展平順的歐盟卻在面臨十年的失落？這些問題在傳統的研究途徑不能提供充份的答案。
因此，本論文提出研究問題，係試圖去探討八０年代後的歐盟整合之趨動力量，以非傳統主流的左派理論來回應歐盟整合，並提出市場文明概念來說明在全球化的架構下社會關係的變化和歐盟整合的關係，並指出傳統主流理論忽略全球架構分析之缺憾。
本論文係採取EMU為個案研究，並以歐盟整合治理關係的轉變為研究標的，從中探尋八０年代以後歐盟整合再復甦的趨動力量，並且將治理關係就區域面及國家面分別分析，函括從歐盟與國家主權面向，亦包括國家公共服務政策面向，從二層次面向論述治理關係的轉變，而這樣的治理關係轉變實質地影響了歐洲人民的生活。
綜言之，本論文研究發現，在理論研究途徑上，左派理論的市場文明概念，奠基於歷史唯物論，比傳統主流理論相對性合宜在全球政治經濟重組過程中，解釋歐盟整合的進展，蓋社會關係的變動並非主觀性或單一面向，物質的變化及理念的轉變都充份影響了政治經濟關係，進而在治理關係上呈現，在轉變的過程中，國家的角色亦在變化，社會不同力量的角力結果，才是決定社會及政治經濟型態的根本因素；因此，左派理論的社會關係轉變概念，經由社會力量的抗爭與妥協，是更能真實反映歐盟整合下的人民生活與實況

This dissertation is aimed to focus on the theoretic discussion to study the European integration. From time to time, European integration was mainly interpreted under the traditional approaches; mainly the neofunctionalism and intergovernmentalism (the sequence of realism) occupied the European study. However the globalization since 1980s is strongly impacting each national economy, and the most advanced regionalization, European integration also faced a revival after a decade of “stagnation”.
Certainly the historical matters happens in the period could be analyzed respectively, but the European integration was and is a proceeding regionalization, the driving force being behind it to move, suspend and re-start the international governance caused the interest of this dissertation. In particular, EMU represents as the most impressive achievement in the 45 years of integration, the old idea mentioned first in 1970s and materialized in 1990s, what kind of elements to formulate the different result of the same plan? And in the different epochs, what does the EMU for the European people? Why the traditional approaches cannot sufficiently explain the interruption when it smoothly progress in early 1960s and 70s.
Hence, this dissertation proposes the research question to investigate the driving force of European re-integration since 1980s, and try to analyze the integration in the un-prevailing lens of the leftist theory: Market Civilization, which interpret the social transformation in the context of global political economy, which the traditional approaches are neglected to analyzed as the contextual frame. 
This dissertation takes EMU as the case example to analyze the driving force of the revival of European integration through the governance transformation, and the impact of EMU governance for the European people’s daily life, which focus on the public social service policy.
This dissertation found that the leftist approach, Market Civilization, based on the historical materialism is the relatively suitable to interpret the European integration against the restructure of globalization, and the benefits of applying the Market Civilization are mainly to provide us the insights of changing social struggles and compromise, which are more closely reflect to the ordinary people’s daily life and reality.

Chapter One: Introduction: A review of contemporary European integration from the perspective of political economy  1
Section 1: Introduction and definition   1
Section 2: Research hypothesis and Research question   6
Section 3: Research objectives, methodology, and method   10
Section 4: The structure of this dissertation   13       
Chapter  Two: The Framework of Theory: A literature review of the theories of European Integration   17
Section 1: Conventional approaches to the analysis of European integration: Intergovernmentalism and Neo-functionalism   17
Section 2: The alternative approach: The Theory of Market Civilisation  30
Section 3: The European integration and market civilization 43
Section 4: Conclusion: the social forces and theory of market civilization 49
Chapter Three: The Political and Economc History of European Integration  55
Section 1: The European integration in the post-war era: 1950-1973   55
Section 2: The stagnation of European integration and transformation in world economy: 1973-1983  61
Section 3:The relaunch of European integration: 1980 and onwards  67
Section 4: Conclusion  74
Chapter Four: The Economic and Monetary Union: A structural review  79
Section 1: The meaning of Economic and Monetary Union 79
Section 2: The practices of EMU project  81
Section3: Conclusion 90
Chapter  Five: The Analysis of EMU in the Context of Theory of Market Civilization  93
Section 1: Review of EMU and world order  93
Section 2: EMU and the emergence of transnational capital  95
Section 3: Market civilisation effects on state form in EMU  101
Section 4: Conclusion  105
Chapter  Six: The Changes in the Public Service Policy after EMU   107
Section 1: The market principles in welfare state  107
Section 2: The prevailing practices for social services under EMU governance  111 
Section 4: Conclusion  117
Chapter Seven: Conclusion  123
Section 1: General Discoveries: New protectionism for transnational capital in EMU 123
Section 2: Contributions of this study through theory of Market civilization 125
Section 3: A Leftist Perspective in IPE: the expectation for future investigation 124
Section 4: Conclusion: Regionalization and Globalization: the story is not ended  127

Appendix  133
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