近年來，氣候變遷所帶來的衝擊越趨嚴重。世界各國逐漸重視氣候變遷之議題，尤其是歐盟已在2010年正式通過氣候能源包裹法案，透過建立法律規範去減緩氣候變遷的程度。法案的制定不僅只是政策面的議題，而是影響未來商業運作模式。
本研究主要分析歐盟氣候能源包裹法案之規範，以及評估該法案對未來之影響為何。氣候能源包裹法案是為了促使歐盟整體在2020年溫室氣體減量20%，再生能源使用比例佔總能源的20%。故歐盟氣候能源包裹法案主要是對再生能源使用、歐盟溫室氣體交易制度、地理封存及碳捕獲、客車的排放規範，以及非溫室氣體交易部門的溫室氣體減量。透過全面性的規範，以期減緩氣候變遷的速度。
這些法規將改變現在既有的商業運作模式，二氧化碳的排放變成有償行為，汽車的排放量也將受到限制…等，將挑戰著現在原有的運作模式。另外，歐盟也積極地在國際間提倡此概念，期望全球一同對抗氣候變遷。如此一來，減緩氣候變遷成為全球共識的時候，屆時商業運作的模式勢必面臨挑戰與衝擊。

The impact of climate change has become more and more serious recently.  Every country has focused about the climate change issue.  Especially European is the one of the most positive countries in the world. In April 2009, European council has adopted the climate-energy legislative package containing measures to fight climate change and promote renewable energy.  The legislative not only effect the policy but also business operation mode.
This research analyze the regulation of climate-energy legislative package and estimate its effect in future.  This package is designed to achieve the EU's overall environmental target of a 20 % reduction in greenhouse gases and a 20 % share of renewable energy in the EU's total energy consumption by 2020. 
The regulations not only effect the policy but also the business operation modes.  We should know the regulation first and be able to adapt the change of the business modes in the future.

目錄
第壹章：緒論............................................... 1
第一節：研究背景....................................... 1
第二節：研究動機....................................... 3
第三節：研究方法與目的................................. 4
第四節：研究限制....................................... 4
第五節：研究架構....................................... 5
第貳章：歐盟鼓勵使用再生能源............................... 6
第一節：歐盟能源政策演進............................... 6
第二節：再生能源發電與生質燃料指令.................... 15
第三節：鼓勵使用再生能源之規範........................ 24
第四節：歐盟再生能源發展之現況........................ 46
第五節：小結.......................................... 51
第參章：歐盟溫室氣體排放交易(EU ETS) ..................... 54
第一節：EU ETS 發展背景............................... 56
第二節： 2003/87/EC 指令之規範......................... 60
第三節：2009/29/EC 指令................................ 72
第四節：非 EU ETS 的溫室氣體減量...................... 88
第五節：2003/87/EC 與2009/29/EC 之比較分析............. 94
第六節：小結.......................................... 99
第肆章：配套措施之規範.................................... 100
第一節： 地理封存與碳捕獲............................. 100
第二節：新客車排放標準................................ 107
ii
第三節：環境及燃料標準之規範.......................... 111
第四節：小結.......................................... 115
第伍章：哥本哈根會議對歐盟可能的影響...................... 116
第一節、哥本哈根協議.................................. 116
第二節、歐盟未來政策方向的調整........................ 119
第三節：小結.......................................... 124
第陸章：結論與建議........................................ 125
第一節：研究結論...................................... 125
第二節：未來研究建議.................................. 127
參考資料.................................................. 128
iii
表目錄
表一：各會員國使用再生能源之比例............................25
表二：歐盟三指令的比較表....................................43
表三：英國與德國再生能源使用目標及其採行措施. .. . .. .. .5 2
表四：歐盟目前預估的2013 年-2020 年排放權數量................73
表五：2009/29/EC 管制的活動項目..............................74
表六：一致性下可額外獲得排放權之會員國.... ... .... ... ... .... .80
表七：歐盟各會員國承擔溫室氣體減量比例.... ... .... ... ... .... .90
表八：2003/87/EC 與2009/29/EC 比較表 .........................96
表九： 新客車超額排放量之罰金.............................. 108

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簡慧貞、胡文正、呂鴻光，溫室氣體減量及碳排放交易，碳經濟月刊第十二期, 2009年2月。

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