本論文探討於1997年時，法國與中國如何簽署「全面性戰略夥伴關係」之時空環境背景。本論文檢視了巴黎如何推動與北京簽署此一「全面性戰略夥伴關係」宣言之理由、檢驗預期達成之目標，以及評估其結果。由於此一「全面性戰略夥伴關係」之戰略本質主要在於促進多極化體系與多邊主義，因此，法、中間之「全面性戰略夥伴關係」包括了政治面、經濟面，以及社會合作面三大層面。

	本論文著重於法國總統席哈克時期法、中關係之研究，顯示出雙邊關係之穩定，源自於席哈克總統對中國採取調適派之做法。但是，調適派做法付出必要之代價，法國與中國建立此一「全面性戰略夥伴關係」更需依據平等互惠之原則，以期平衡雙邊關係。

This thesis looks at how the “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership”, signed in 1997 between France and China, came to be. It examines the reasons that pushed Paris and Beijing to sign this declaration, inspects the goals of the partnership, and assesses the outcome. While the strategic nature of this partnership lied mainly in the promotion of multipolarity and multilateralism, its comprehensive nature included political, economic and social cooperation. Focusing on Franco-Chinese relations during Chirac’s presidency, this study reveals that the stability of bilateral relations was in a large extent due to Chirac’s accommodationist behaviour. However, accommodation has come at a price, and what is much needed by France is the establishment of a relationship based on reciprocity.

Chapter 1 Introduction	1

Chapter 2 Post-Cold War International Order	13

Chapter 3 Background of Franco-Chinese Relations	27

Chapter 4 Grand Strategy and Foreign Policy	40

Chapter 5 The “Global Partnership”	70

Chapter 6 Dealing with Disparate Interests	87

Chapter 7 Developments under Nicolas Sarkozy	97

Chapter 8 Conclusions	106



Table of Contents
Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................................. I
Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................................ IV
Outline .................................................................................................................................................................. vi
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................. VI
Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1
I. Research Motives and Objectives .................................................................................................................... 1
II. Proposed Methodology and Data Collection .................................................................................................. 2
III. Theoretical and Analytical Framework .......................................................................................................... 3
a. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................................................... 3
b. Analytical Framework ................................................................................................................................ 3
IV. Definition of Terms ....................................................................................................................................... 6
V. Literature Review .......................................................................................................................................... 7
European factor ............................................................................................................................................. 7
Taiwan factor ................................................................................................................................................. 8
Asian policy .................................................................................................................................................... 9
VI. Scope and Limitations of Research ................................................................................................................ 9
VII. Organization .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Chapter 2 Post‐Cold War International Order ...................................................................................................... 13
I. Unipolarity: The Perspectives of France and China ....................................................................................... 13
a. Unipolarity vs. Hegemony ......................................................................................................................... 14
b. French and Chinese Views of American Hegemony ................................................................................. 16
II. France: A Power in Decline ........................................................................................................................... 19
III. China: An Emerging Power .......................................................................................................................... 23
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 3 Background of Franco‐Chinese Relations ............................................................................................ 27
I. Under Charles de Gaulle (1958‐1969) ........................................................................................................... 27
a. The Period of Great Development ............................................................................................................ 27
b. A Step Backward ...................................................................................................................................... 31
II. Under Georges Pompidou (1969‐1974) ........................................................................................................ 32
III. Under Valery Giscard d’Estaing (1974‐1981) ............................................................................................... 33
IV. Under François Mitterrand (1981‐1995) ..................................................................................................... 34
a. Before the Tiananmen Events ................................................................................................................... 34
b. After the Tiananmen Events ..................................................................................................................... 35
c. Normalization of the Relationship ............................................................................................................ 37
V. Under Jacques Chirac (1995‐2007) ............................................................................................................... 38
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter 4 Grand Strategy and Foreign Policy ....................................................................................................... 40
I. France ........................................................................................................................................................... 40
a. Grand strategy ........................................................................................................................................ 40
b. Chirac’s Foreign Policy .............................................................................................................................. 46
c. Chirac’s China policy ................................................................................................................................ 48
II. China ............................................................................................................................................................ 50
a. China’s Grand Strategy ............................................................................................................................. 50
b. China’s Foreign Policy ............................................................................................................................... 53
c. China’s France Policy ................................................................................................................................ 64
III. National Interests ....................................................................................................................................... 66
a. Common National Interests ...................................................................................................................... 66
b. Disparate National Interests ..................................................................................................................... 67
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Chapter 5 The “Global Partnership” ..................................................................................................................... 70
I. Strategic ........................................................................................................................................................ 70
II. Political ........................................................................................................................................................ 73
III. Economic .................................................................................................................................................... 76
IV. Social .......................................................................................................................................................... 79
a. Cultural .................................................................................................................................................... 79
b. Research and Development, and Education ............................................................................................. 83
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 86
Chapter 6 Dealing with Disparate Interests .......................................................................................................... 87
I. Types of Behaviour ....................................................................................................................................... 87
II. French and Chinese Behaviour Patterns ....................................................................................................... 89
III. Foreign Policy Behaviour and National Interests ......................................................................................... 94
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................................... 96
Chapter 7 Developments under Nicolas Sarkozy .................................................................................................. 97
I. Strategic ........................................................................................................................................................ 97
II. Political ........................................................................................................................................................ 98
III. Economic .................................................................................................................................................. 103
IV. Social ........................................................................................................................................................ 104
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 105
Chapter 8 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................... 106
Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................... 106
Implications ................................................................................................................................................... 108
Bibliography ....................................................................................................................................................... 110
Appendix A......................................................................................................................................................... 126
China’s bilateral partnerships ......................................................................................................................... 126
Appendix B ......................................................................................................................................................... 128
Major political meetings between France and China under Chirac ................................................................ 128

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121
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Paris and Beijing], LeMonde.fr, 27 November 2008.
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122
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in Beijing Frances’ new China policy], Le Monde, 17 May 1997.
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123
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to appease China after one year of a bilateral crisis on Tibet], Le Monde, 3 April 2009.
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124
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