在這畢業論文中分析出傳輸、感測和干擾三種範圍間之關係，並且針對當採取訊號強度控制下，根據三種範圍關係為基礎，提出一個在隨建即連的網路中之訊號強度控制之媒體存取控制協定(ARPC)。因此依據本論文分析，有四種避免資料碰撞的機制，分別是STRC、RTRC、SCRC與RCRC。此外，更進一步的針對上述四種機制推算出各機制合適使用的情況。結合這四種機制的優點，提出一個依據距離關係推算出適當訊號強度控制之媒體存取控制協定。採取上述的協定能有效地避免資料碰撞且達到減少STAs電量消耗。而在最後模擬時也驗證了，所提出的協定能達到上述之優點。

The thesis analyzes the relationships among the transmission range, carrier sensing range, and interference range in case that power control is adopted and proposes an adaptive range-based power control (ARPC) MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks to avoid collisions. Based on the analysis results, four mechanisms, STRC, RTRC, SCRC, and RCRC are proposed to prevent from collisions. The thesis further analyzes the superiority of each mechanism under certain situations and proposes an adaptive range-based power control MAC protocol to make use of the advantages of the four mechanisms to avoid collisions for wireless ad hoc network. The proposed protocol can not only reduce energy consumption of STAs, but also prevent from collisions. Simulation results also verify the advantages of the proposed protocol.

Contents I
List of Figures III
List of Tables VII
1 Introduction 1
2 Preliminaries 5
3 Range Cover Mechanisms 9
3.1 Sender's Transmission Range Cover Mechanism (STRC) . . . . . . . 9
3.1.1 Concept of STRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1.2 Derivation of Transmission Power and Restriction . . . . . . . 10
3.1.3 STRC MAC Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2 Receiver's Transmission Range Cover Mechanism (RTRC) . . . . . . 11
3.2.1 Concept of RTRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.2 Derivation of Transmission Power and Restriction . . . . . . . 12
3.2.3 RTRC MAC Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3 Sender's Carrier Sensing Range Cover Mechanism (SCRC) . . . . . . 13
3.3.1 Concept of SCRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.1.1 Derivation of Transmission Power and Restriction . . 13
3.3.2 SCRC MAC Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.4 Receiver's Carrier Sensing Range Cover Mechanism (RCRC) . . . . . 14
3.4.1 Concept of RCRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.4.2 Derivation of Transmission Power and Restriction . . . . . . . 16
3.4.3 RCRC MAC Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.4.4 Comparisons of the Four MAC Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.5 Adaptive Range-Based Power Control (ARPC) MAC Protocol . . . . 20
4 Performance Evaluations 23
4.1 Linear Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2 Random Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5 Conclusions 31
Bibliography 33
Appendix 37

List of Figures
2.1 The POINT problem. (a)DSR · 0:56TR(Pmax). S and R use Pmax to exchange RTS/CTS. The gray area is IR(Pmax), which is smaller than TR(Pmax) since DSR · 0:56TR(Pmax). S0, a source of interference, is outside both TR(Pmax) and IR(Pmax). (b) S and R use the reduced power, PS, to exchange Data/ACK. IR(PS) will be larger than TR(Pmax) due to the reduction of the sender's power strength. As a result, S0 is within IR(PS) and may cause collision. . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 The concept of STRC. (a) S and R use Pmax to exchange RTS/CTS. The gray area is IR(Pmax), which, in this case, is covered by RTS since DSR · 0:36TR(Pmax). S0, a source of interference, is outside both TR(Pmax) and IR(Pmax). (b) S and R use PSTRC to exchange DATA/ACK, where PSTRC is set to the power level that satis¯es TR(Pmax) = DSR + IR(PSTRC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 The concept of RTRC. (a) S and R use Pmax to exchange RTS/CTS. The gray area is IR(Pmax), which, in this case, is covered by CTS since DSR · 0:56TR(Pmax). S0, a source of interference, is outside both TR(Pmax) and IR(Pmax). (b) S and R use PRTRC to exchange DATA/ACK, where PRTRC is set to the power level that satis¯es TR(PRTRC) = IR(PRTRC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3 The concept of SCRC. (a) S and R use Pmax to exchange RTS/CTS. The gray area is IR(Pmax), which, in this case, is covered by CR(Pmax) since DSR · 0:72TR(Pmax). S0, a source of interference, is outside both TR(Pmax) and IR(Pmax). (b) S and R use PSCRC to exchange DATA/ACK, where PSCRC is set to the power level that satisfies CR(PSCRC) = DSR + IR(PSCRC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.4 The restriction of RCRC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.5 The concept of RCRC. (a) S uses Pmax to send RTS and R adopts PRCRC to reply CTS, where PRCRC is set to the power level that IR(Pmin) = CR(PRCRC). S0 is outside IR(PRCRC). (b) S use Pmin to send DATA and R uses Pmax to reply ACK. S0 is still outside IR(Pmin). 18
3.6 Comparisons of energy consumption among STRC, RTRC, SCRC and RCRC in terms of DSR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.1 A linear topology, where four STAs A, B, C, and D form a line. The distances between A and D as well as C and D are respectively fixed to 800 m and 250 m. The distance between A and B, denoted DAB, is varied from 10 m to 250 m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2 Comparisons of the energy consumption of RTRC, SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF in terms of DAB varied from 10 m to 250 m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.3 Comparisons of the throughput of RTRC, SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF in terms of DAB varied from 10 m to 250 m. . . . . 26
4.4 Comparisons of the energy efficiency of RTRC, SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF in terms of DAB varied from 10 m to 250 m. . 27
4.5 The throughput of SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF are compared to different traffic load since the length of Data packet is (a)50bytes, (b) 500bytes, and (c) 2000 bytes, respectively. . . . . . . . . 29
4.6 The energy consumption of SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF are compared to different traffic load since the length of Data packet is (a) 50bytes, (b) 500bytes, and (c) 2000 bytes, respectively. . 29
4.7 The power throughput of SCRC, RCRC, ARPC, and IEEE 802.11 DCF are compared to different traffic load since the length of Data packet is (a) 50bytes, (b) 500bytes, and (c) 2000 bytes, respectively. . . . . . 30

List of Tables
3.1 Comparisons among STRC, RTRC, SCRC, and RCRC . . . . . . . . 20
4.1 Simulation Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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