本研究為探討一般渦輪通風器與巨亞機械股份有限公司所提供之改良型通風器之空氣動力學特性比較。改良型通風器係以靜態通風器為基礎，結合動力段使其具旋轉功能。首先，以現有的兩型通風器做初步的風洞實驗，將通風器至於風洞下游，通風器下方連結一圓筒作為通風管，風洞出口的底端放置一隔板以模擬地板效應。研究結果顯示，兩型通風器在同樣風速下轉動，兩種通風器轉速相近，抽風的效果大致上相同，且改良型通風器能藉由通風器離隔板的距離增加，增加抽風效果，最後抽風效果超越渦輪通風器；再模擬通風器轉軸故障而無法轉動情形，以外力使通風器在受風下不轉動，結果顯示，渦輪通風器會形成空氣倒流現象，而改良型通風器則因為本身的外觀設計下，抽風效果依然存在，隨著風源風速增加下，抽風效果也越來越好，由數據觀察得出，改良型通風器的主要抽風效果來自外罩設計，而渦輪通風器則是來自轉動的離心效應。接著以CFD套裝軟體ANSYS Fluent進行數值模擬，結果顯示，除了渦輪通風器在不轉動下仍存在抽風效果外，其原因為風源條件及幾何相似度不同所導致，而通風器抽風效果的趨勢大致上與實驗相同。

This research investigated the aerodynamic characteristics of rooftop ventilators. The ventilators used in this research are the traditional turbine type and the modified type developed by Great Asia company. First of all, the experimental results show that two types of ventilators roughly have the same ventilation effect. However, the ventilation rate of modified ventilator increases as height of base frame increases. The investigations in non-rotating condition show that the turbine ventilator causes the backflow in the gap. On the contrary, the modified ventilator still has good ventilation effect of exhaust because the geometry design of the model. As the wind speed increase, the ventilation effect is getting better. According to the research, it shows that the main effect of exhaust of the modified ventilator comes from the geometrical design of the shell, and the turbine ventilator comes from the centrifugal effect. The results of numerical study are, in general, in good agreements with the experimental results, except in non-rotating condition. The CFD results can show the physical characteristics of ventilators.

目錄
第一章 緒論  1
1-1 研究背景  1
1-2 屋頂通風器簡述  5
1-3 文獻回顧  6
1-4 研究目的  10
第二章 實驗設備與量測儀器  12
2-1 實驗設備 12
2-1-1 小型風洞  12
2-1-2 通風器  12
2-1-3 隔板  13
2-1-4 通風管  13
2-1-5 煙霧產生器  13
2-2 實驗量測儀器  15
2-2-1 雷射測速儀系統  15
2-2-2 熱線測速計  16
2-2-3 風速計  16
2-2-4 轉速計  16
第三章 研究方法  19
3-1 風洞系統實驗方法  19
3-1-1 風洞系統實驗流程  19
3-1-2 雷射測速儀系統實驗  19
3-1-3 熱線測速計實驗  21
3-2 數值方法  24
3-2-1 數值模擬原理  24
3-2-2 數值模擬流程  24
第四章 實驗結果與討論  29
4-1 通風器風洞實驗結果  29
4-1-1 雷射測速儀量測  29
4-1-2 熱線測速計量測  32
4-2 數值模擬結果  41
4-2-1 靜態模擬可視化結果  41
4-2-2 動態模擬可視化結果 50
4-2-3 通風效果模擬結果  57
第五章 結論與未來展望  61
5-1 結論 61
5-2 未來展望  62
參考文獻  63

圖目錄
圖1-1 風壓通風原理	3
圖1-2 熱壓通風原理	4
圖1-3 機械通風之通風型式	4
圖1-4 自然通風式屋頂渦輪通風器	5
圖1-5 自然通風式屋頂靜態通風器	6
圖2-1 下吹式小型風洞(四風扇組)	14
圖2-2 下吹式小型風洞(單風扇組)	14
圖2-3 渦輪通風器(左)、改良型通風器(中，右)	14
圖2-4 煙霧產生器	15
圖2-5 雷射測速儀	17
圖2-6 熱線測速計	17
圖2-7 風速計	18
圖2-8 轉速計	18
圖3-1 雷射測試系統架設	20
圖3-2熱線測試系統架設(四風扇組)	21
圖3-3熱線測試系統架設(單風扇組)	22
圖3-4 風洞實驗操作流程	23
圖3-5 渦輪通風器之物理模型	25
圖3-6 改良型通風器之物理模型	26
圖3-7 通風器模擬之計算域	26
圖3-8 通風器模擬之計算域(側視圖)	27
圖3-9 計算域網格剖面圖	27
圖3-10 槽口質流量變化圖	28
圖4-1(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(雷射，H=8cm)	31
圖4-1(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(雷射，H=8cm)	31
圖4-2(a) 瞬間速度分佈顯示倒灌現象	32
圖4-2(b) 瞬間速度分佈顯示抽風現象	32
圖4-3 通風器轉速比較	34
圖4-4(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=4cm，四風扇組)	35
圖4-4(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=4cm，四風扇組)	35
圖4-5(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=8cm，四風扇組)	36
圖4-5(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=8cm，四風扇組)	36
圖4-6(a) 鋁製改良型通風器轉動下抽風特性變化(四風扇組)	37
圖4-6(b)鋁製改良型通風器未轉動下抽風特性變化(四風扇組)	37
圖4-7(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=4cm，單風扇組)	38
圖4-7(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=4cm，單風扇組)	38
圖4-8(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=8cm，單風扇組)	39
圖4-8(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(熱線，H=8cm，單風扇組)	39
圖4-9(a) 鋁製改良型通風器轉動下抽風特性變化(單風扇組)	40
圖4-9(b) 鋁製改良型通風器未轉動下抽風特性變化(單風扇組)	40
圖4-10(a) 渦輪通風器壓力分佈(未轉動，側視圖)	42
圖4-10(b) 渦輪通風器壓力分佈(未轉動，上視圖)	42
圖4-11(a) 改良型通風器壓力分佈(未轉動，側視圖)	43
圖4-11(b) 改良型通風器壓力分佈(未轉動，上視圖)	43
圖4-12(a) 渦輪通風器尾流圖(未轉動，側視圖)	44
圖4-12(b) 渦輪通風器尾流圖(未轉動，上視圖)	44
圖4-13(a) 改良型通風器尾流圖(未轉動，側視圖)	45
圖4-13(b) 改良型通風器尾流圖(未轉動，上視圖)	45
圖4-14(a) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，上視圖)	46
圖4-14(b) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，側視圖)	46
圖4-14(c) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，左偏移5cm)	47
圖4-14(d) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，右偏移5cm)	47
圖4-15(a) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，上視圖)	48
圖4-15(b) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，側視圖)	48
圖4-15(c) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，左偏移5cm)	49
圖4-15(d) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(未轉動，右偏移5cm)	49
圖4-16(a) 渦輪通風器壓力分佈圖(轉動，側視圖)	51
圖4-16(b) 渦輪通風器壓力分佈圖(轉動，上視圖)	51
圖4-17(a) 改良型通風器壓力分佈圖(轉動，側視圖)	52
圖4-17(b) 改良型通風器壓力分佈圖(轉動，上視圖)	52
圖4-18(a) 渦輪通風器尾流圖(轉動，側視圖)	53
圖4-18(b) 渦輪通風器尾流圖(轉動，上視圖)	53
圖4-19(a) 改良型通風器尾流圖(轉動，側視圖)	54
圖4-19(b) 改良型通風器尾流圖(轉動，上視圖)	54
圖4-20(a) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(轉動，側視圖)	55
圖4-20(b) 渦輪通風器速度向量圖(轉動，上視圖)	55
圖4-21(a) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(轉動，側視圖)	56
圖4-21(b) 改良型通風器速度向量圖(轉動，上視圖)	56
圖4-22(a) 通風器轉動下抽風特性比較(數值)	58
圖4-22(b) 通風器未轉動下抽風特性比較(數值)	58
圖4-23(a) 渦輪通風器轉動下抽風特性變化(數值)	59
圖4-23(a) 渦輪通風器未轉動下抽風特性變化(數值)	59
圖4-24(a) 改良型通風器轉動下抽風特性變化(數值)	60
圖4-24(b) 改良型通風器未轉動下抽風特性變化(數值)	60
 
表目錄
表1-1常見空氣汙染物	3

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