水下聲波感測網路與陸上無線感測網路特性截然不同，水下聲波感測網路利用聲波進行傳輸，造成水下網路擁有高傳播延遲的特性，若將陸上路由機制直接套用於水下網路，將會衍生出許多問題。因此本論文設計出適用於水下網路環境之路由協定，且在水下聲波感測網路中提出協同合作傳輸，進而減少在水下聲波感測網路中傳送封包之端點到端點間的延遲。最後本篇論文提出座標定位及收集鄰居資訊之協同合作傳輸協定，名為水下聲波網路中避免能量空洞之非同步協同合作傳輸協定。透過實驗模擬，發現本篇論文所提出之傳輸協定，在點對點的延遲、網路傳輸效能以及電量消耗的表現上有顯著的改善。

Underwater acoustic sensor network uses sound waves to be transmitted, resulting in underwater network with high propagation delay characteristics. Therefore, this paper designed for underwater network environment routing protocols, thereby reducing the underwater acoustic sensor network to send packets to the end-to-end delay and for collaborative work on underwater acoustic transmission sensor network. Through simulation, this paper found that the proposed routing protocol SCTP, the delay in the point to point, network transmission performance and power consumption of a significant improvement in performance.

目錄
1. 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 4
1.3 研究方法 8
1.4 論文架構 9
2. 相關文獻 10
3. 預備知識 13
3.1 水下網路訊號衰減模型介紹 13
3.2 水下聲波網路中路由機制所應考慮的特點 16
4. 避免能量空洞之非同步協同合作傳輸協定 18
4.1 系統架構 18
4.2 基本理念 20
4.3 SCTP演算法 22
4.4 SCTP能量空洞之避免 29
5. 效能模擬 31
5.1 實驗場景及參數設定 31
5.2 實驗結果及分析 33
6. 結論與未來研究方向 36
6.1 結論 36
6.2 未來研究方向 37
參考文獻 38
附錄：英文論文 41

圖目錄
圖一. 傳播延遲情形比較圖 3
圖二. 時間與空間的不確定性 6
圖三. 協同合作傳輸圖 7
圖四. CCT做法示意圖 11
圖五. TDCT做法示意圖 12
圖六. 訊號疊加區域 15
圖七. 水下定位場景圖 19
圖八. 三角定位示意圖 19
圖九. 水下聲波合成圖 20
圖十. 協同傳輸之系統模型 21
圖十一. 協同傳輸候選區域圖 23
圖十二. 最佳步數演算法場景一 24
圖十三. 最佳步數演算法場景二 25
圖十四. 最佳步數演算法場景三 25
圖十五. 最佳步數演算法場景四 26
圖十六. 避免能量空洞示意圖 29
圖十七. 點對點延遲時間與封包產生率之關係 33
圖十八. 模擬時間與感測器運作電量之關係 34
圖十九. 每單位電量傳輸距離之關係 35

表目錄
表一. 水下聲波網路與一般無線網路之比較 2
表二. 實驗環境模擬參數 32

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