邊緣型糖尿病將如何影響就業及勞動市場中的表現，是本篇研究主要關心的議題。本篇研究使用美國2017年國民健康訪問調查(National Health Interview Survey ,NHIS)的數據，針對35歲至65歲的中老年樣本進行分析，初步篩選後共有12,940名樣本。本文使用條件混合過程模型(Conditional mixed-process models, cmp)估計邊緣型糖尿病、二型糖尿病及一型糖尿病等三種糖尿病類型對就業、去年是否曾因傷病而缺勤、去年因傷病而缺勤的日數、去年收入及上周工時等五項勞動市場成效的影響，在對其進行了內生性問題的檢測後，本文以家族病史做為工具變數處理二型糖尿病的內生性問題，邊緣型糖尿病則是以糖尿病盛行率做為工具變數。
　　在外生模型的結果中，罹患邊緣型糖尿病對男生勞動市場表現沒有造成顯著影響，但會使女性缺勤率上升17.4%。本文所使用的兩樣工具變數除了在「女性是否缺勤」及「男性收入」等兩部分排除性檢定並未通過，在其餘實證結果中皆滿足有效工具變數所要求的相關性及排除性條件。內生性問題的檢測結果中顯示，邊緣型糖尿病在女性就業、收入、工時及男性缺勤日數、收入之間存在內生性問題，二型糖尿病則在女性是否缺勤及收入有檢測到內生性問題。考慮內生性問題並進行處理後，邊緣型糖尿病對勞動市場成效的邊際效果為：罹患邊緣型糖尿病的男性缺勤日數將顯著上升26.91天；女性就業率將顯著下降43.5%、收入顯著的下降19.14千美元、工時顯著的增加12.3小時等。可知若不考慮其內生性問題將會嚴重低估邊緣型糖尿病造成的負面影響。罹患二型糖尿病對女生收入的負面影響略為增加，由顯著下降11.37千美元改變為顯著下降12.1千美元。結果顯示邊緣型糖尿病所造成的影響已不容忽視，而又以對女性的影響特別嚴重。

How borderline diabetes will affect employment and performance in the labor market is the main concern of this research. This study uses data from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in the United States to analyze samples of middle-aged and elderly people aged 35 to 65. After preliminary screening, there are a total of 12,940 samples. We use conditional mixed-process models (cmp) to estimate the impact of borderline diabetes, type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes on employment, whether there was an absence from work last year, the number of days absent from work last year, last year's income and last week's working hours. After testing for endogenous problems, this study uses the genetic instrumental variable to deal with endogenous problems of type 2 diabetes and uses the prevalence of type 2 and borderline diabetes as an instrumental variable for borderline diabetes.
  In the results of the exogenous models, suffering from borderline diabetes does not have a significant impact on the male labor market outcomes in general, but it increases the female absenteeism rate by 17.4%. Both the instrumental variables meet the requirement of a good instrumental variable—relevance and exclusion conditions--except for the analysis of absence from work for women and income for men. The endogenous test results indicate that there are endogenous problems between borderline diabetes and women’s employment, income, working hours, and men’s absentee days and income. Type 2 diabetes can detect endogenous problems in women's absenteeism and income. After considering and dealing with endogenous issues, the marginal effect of borderline diabetes on the performance of the labor market is as follows: the income of men suffering from borderline diabetes will be significantly reduced by 41.56 thousand U.S. dollars; the employment rate of women will be significantly reduced by 43.5%, and the income will be significantly reduced by 19.14 thousand dollars, a significant increase of 12.3 hours in working hours. It can be seen that if the endogenous problems are not considered, the negative effects of borderline diabetes will be seriously underestimated. The negative impact of type 2 diabetes on the income of girls increases slightly, from a significant decrease of USD 11.37 thousand to a significant decrease of USD 12.1 thousand. The results show that the impact of borderline diabetes can no longer be ignored, and the impact on women is particularly serious.

目錄
第一章　緒論	1
第二章　文獻回顧	4
第三章　資料來源與變數定義	7
第一節　資料來源	7
第二節　樣本篩選	8
第三節　變數定義與敘述統計	9
第四章　實證模型設定	32
第五章　實證結果分析	38
第一節　各類型糖尿病對就業市場的影響	42
第二節　各類型糖尿病對是否缺勤的影響	48
第三節　各類型糖尿病對缺勤日數的影響	55
第四節　各類型糖尿病對收入的影響	61
第五節　各類型糖尿病對工時的影響	68
第六章　結論與建議	75
參考文獻	78
附錄	80

表目錄
表一、變數定義表	16
表二、敘述統計表─男性樣本	18
表三、敘述統計表─女性樣本	22
表四、主要應變數─各類型糖尿病樣本群相對非糖尿病樣本群檢定表	26
表五、內生性檢定表	39
表六、檢定工具變數相關性	41
表七、檢定工具變數排除性	41
表八、不同假設下各類型糖尿病對就業之邊際效果總表	43
表九、各類型糖尿病對就業	45
表十、不同假設下各類型糖尿病對是否缺勤之迴歸係數總表	49
表十一、各類型糖尿病對是否缺勤	51
表十二、不同假設下各類型糖尿病對缺勤日數之迴歸係數總表	56
表十三、各類型糖尿病對缺勤日數	57
表十四、不同假設下各類型糖尿病對收入之迴歸係數總表	62
表十五、各類型糖尿病對去年收入	64
表十六、不同假設下各類型糖尿病對工時之迴歸係數總表	69
表十七、各類型糖尿病對上周工時	71

附錄表一、OLS ─ 邊緣型糖尿病及二型糖尿病估計結果	80
附錄表二、假設僅邊緣型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對就業	82
附錄表三、假設僅邊緣型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對是否缺勤	84
附錄表四、假設僅邊緣型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對缺勤日數	86
附錄表五、假設僅邊緣型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對收入	88
附錄表六、假設僅邊緣型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對工時	90
附錄表七、假設僅二型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對就業	92
附錄表八、假設僅二型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對是否缺勤	94
附錄表九、假設僅二型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對缺勤日數	96
附錄表十、假設僅二型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對收入	98
附錄表十一、假設僅二型糖尿病為內生，各類型糖尿病對工時	100

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