由於人口不斷的增加，使得建築物需要相當的高度才能夠容納，伴隨著建築物在地面造成風場加速的情況也越來越嚴重。高層建築物之新建將對地面環境行人風場造成改變，進而影響行人在此區域活動的舒適性，嚴重的話，可能會危害行人安全。另外，隨著電腦運算速度的提升，CFD數值模擬的發展更是加快了腳步。相較於傳統風洞實驗，數值模擬之優勢在於可獲得整個流場裡任意點之數據資料而非某些需要藉由經驗所訂出之特定測點，成本上亦能節省模型製作或實際量測之時間、金錢與人力。
本研究係以一實際風場環境案例來探討。先使用CFD預測國家新都社區整體風場，並維持一段時間在淡海新市鎮之國家新都社區的風速量測與問卷調查，得到行人在快步行走的狀態和短時間停留的狀態下對風速大小及變動程度之可接受程度，另一方面，利用計算流體力學模擬，配合中央電台得到的風速資料，進行區域風場環境的模擬，得到最後藉由整合兩者結果盼建立出快速又不失精確性與合理性之行人環境風場評估。
最後，得到兩個行人活動的風速標準，即適合行人快步行走與行人短時間停留的風速標準。為了瞭解與其他學者建議標準的差異，將評估所得到的結果與國外學者評估標準繪於同一張圖表並比較與討論。CFD數值模擬與實場量測比較結果的與國外學者均有相同的趨勢。

Due to the increase of population and development of economies, the buildings in the city become higher than before. Wind speed accelerated around the ground caused by new high-rise buildings. The high speed wind will affect the pedestrian activities and safety. Understandings of pedestrian wind environment become more important. CFD is a powerful tool in wind engineering researches. Compared to the traditional wind tunnel tests, numerical simulation of the advantages of access to the whole flow field where the data at any point through experience rather than the need to set out the specific measuring point, also saves on the cost of modeling or actual measurement of the time, money and human resources.
This study is a case of the physical environment to explore the pedestrian wind field. First, use of CFD prediction community as a whole wind farm, and for some time in the community, the wind speed measurement and a questionnaire survey, and get pedestrians walking and short-term stay under the wind speed changes in size and degree of acceptability. On the other hand, the use of computational fluid dynamics simulation, coordination with the central station got wind speed data, a regional wind field simulation of the environment, by integrating the results of the last two to establish a fast and without losing accuracy and reasonableness of the pedestrian environment assessment of wind field.
Finally, get two pedestrian wind speed standard, which is suitable for pedestrians and pedestrians hurry to walk a short stay in the wind speed standard. To understand the standards and other scholars have suggested that the difference will assess the results obtained by the evaluation criteria with foreign scholars, drawn on the same chart and compare and discussion.CFD numerical simulation and actual field measurement results of the comparison with the foreign scholars have the same trend.

目錄
目錄	I
表目錄	V
圖目錄	VI
第一章 緒論	1
1-1 前言	1
1-2 研究動機	2
1-3 研究方法	3
1-4 研究內容	3
第二章 文獻回顧	4
2-1 舒適度之評估理論	4
2-2 各國學者行人舒適度研究介紹	5
2-2-1英國學者J.C.R. Hunt等人舒適度研究	5
2-2-2日本學者SHUZO MURAKAMI等舒適度研究	6
2-2-3淡江大學風工程研究中心的實場調查	7
2-3 計算流體力學應用於行人環境風場	9
2-4 Yoshie數值模擬與實場量測比較	11
第三章 理論背景	14
3-1 大氣邊界層	14
3-1-1平均風速剖面	14
3-1-2 紊流特性	17
3-3 建築物在環境風場造成的影響	20
3-4 計算流體力學	22
3-4-1計算流體力學數值模擬介紹	22
3-4-2 計算方程式之概述	23
第四章 實驗配置與儀器介紹	27
4-1實場測點概述與相關位置、地況	27
4-2 各種儀器介紹、功用	29
4-3 風速計的率定	30
4-4 實場量測配置	34
4-4-1實場儀器位置	34
4-4-2決定測點位置	37
第五章 實場量測探討行人風場	39
5-1問卷資料和風速數據的處理	39
5-1-1問卷說明	39
5-1-2風速分類	39
5-1-3快步行走區之資料分析	41
5-2短時間停留區之資料分析	45
5-3危險或不可接受之風速評估	50
5-4與國內學者建議標準比較	51
5-5與國外學者建議標準比較	53
第六章 CFD行人風場可行性研究	56
6-1 CFD模擬步驟概述	56
6-2CFD風場模擬建立	57
6-2-1建築物幾何形狀建立	57
6-2-2風場模擬	58
6-3初期實場數值模擬	59
6-4實場量測與數值模擬的比較	61
6-5實場量測與數值模擬比較結果	62
第七章 結論與建議	65
7-1 結論	65
7-1-1 環境行人風場標準	66
7-1-2 行人風場舒適度標準之通用性	66
7-1-3 環境行人風場數值模擬可行性	67
7-2 建議	68
參考文獻 69
 
表目錄
表 2-1 Hunt舒適度準則評估 ............................................................ 6
表 3-1 各別地況α值與邊界層高度之建議值 ............................... 16
表 3-2 各種粗糙度建議值 ............................................................. 16
表 4-1 風洞數據與風速計電壓對照表 ......................................... 33
表 5-1 快步行走區各舒適度選項下累積機率之風速與出現比例 ........................................................................................................... 44
表 5-2 短時間停留區各舒適度選項下累積機率之風速與出現比例 ....................................................................................................... 49
表 5-3 各舒適度標準比較 ............................................................. 52
表 6-1快步行走區實場與模擬誤差 .............................................. 63
表 6-2短時間停留區實場與模擬誤差 .......................................... 64
表 7-1 國家新都舒適度評估標準 ................................................. 66

圖目錄
圖 2-1 Yoshie 在日本新宿實場量測地圖 ..................................... 12
圖 2-2 Yoshie在實場各測點與風洞、模擬比較 ........................... 13
圖 4-1 國家新都與周圍環境 ......................................................... 28
圖 4-2 國家新都社區 ..................................................................... 28
圖 4-3 風杯式風速儀 Weather Wizard III（Davis）示意圖 ....... 29
圖 4-4 二維超音波風速計（GILL INSTRUMENT） ................. 30
圖 4-5 淡江大學大氣邊界層風洞實驗室 ..................................... 32
圖 4-6 風速計律定(一) .................................................................. 33
圖 4-7 風速計律定(二) .................................................................. 34
圖 4-8 國家新都風速量測示意圖 ................................................. 35
圖 4-9 實場量測位置 ..................................................................... 36
圖 4-10 快步行走區 ....................................................................... 38
圖 4-11 短時間停留區 ................................................................... 38
圖 5-1 實場調查問卷 ..................................................................... 40
圖 5-2 問卷分析流程 ..................................................................... 41
圖 5-3 快步行走區問卷感受比例圖 ............................................. 42
圖 5-4 快步行走區有效風速與累積機率分布圖 ......................... 43
圖 5-5 快步行走區有效風速與發生機率關係圖 ......................... 45
圖 5-6短時間停留區問卷感受比例圖 .......................................... 46
圖 5-7短時間停留區有效風速與累積機率分布圖 ...................... 47
圖 5-8短時間停留區有效風速與發生機率關係圖 ...................... 50
圖 5-9危險與不可接受有效風速與發生機率關係圖 .................. 51
圖 5-10 Melbourne所提出各國學者評估比較圖(Melbourne,1987) ........................................................................................................... 53
圖 5-11 與其他學者評估比較圖 ................................................... 54
圖 6-1模擬國家新都建築物 .......................................................... 57
圖 6-2 初期模擬預測國家新都北風 ............................................. 59
圖 6-3初期模擬預測國家新都東風 .............................................. 60
圖 6-4初期模擬預測國家新都南風 .............................................. 60
圖 6-5初期模擬預測國家新都西風 .............................................. 61
圖 6-6 快步行走區實場量測與數值模擬比較 ............................. 63
圖 6-7短時間停留區實場量測與數值模擬比較 .......................... 64

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